(a) Ureters in frogs: A ureter acts as a urinogenital duct, which carries sperms along with urine in male frogs.
(b) Malphigian tubules: Malphigian tubules are excretory organs in cockroaches.
(c) Body wall in earthworms: In earthworms, the body wall consists of muscle layers. It helps in movement and burrowing.
Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels.
What are the steps involved in formation of a root nodule?
Briefly describe the structure of the following:
(a) Brain
(b) Eye
(c) Ear
What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
Discuss the main steps in the digestion of proteins as the food passes through different parts of the alimentary canal.
Define sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.