Is Narendra Modi the Best Prime Minister For India?

Some call him anti-Muslim, some call him extremist Hindu, but no one can deny his intentions to develop India into a strong and powerful nation. He has even proved his mettle as a strong headed leader that India always needed in a number of difficult situations.

Key achievements during Prime Minister Modi’s tenure, along with their sources:

Here are 5 main reasons that make Shri Narendra Modi the best prime minister for India!

1. Decisive Stand

The decisive stand of the current Prime Minister Narendra Modi has left the country raving about his decision making abilities and strong will. This has been particularly important in cases where the question about the country’s internal security crops up. India has always remained on a back foot when it comes to facing security threats or the cases of cross border infiltration, which made its previous Prime Ministers act as mere ‘peacemakers’.

But, NaMo adopted a multi pronged policy, which doesn’t allow the country to bleed at the borders, instead it dealt with the terrorist threats successfully by isolating the neighbour using effective diplomatic relations and tools with the powerful nations.

2. Economic Leadership

Ever since the NaMo government came into power they have put a great focus on economic and financial development of the country. Even though he was criticized by masses for his tough stands on black money and demonetization he never seemed to budge from his decision despite the widespread public wrath. Also, the numbers that supported his ways of governance are doing all the talking as he remained mum over all the criticism.

The GDP has also seen a steep increase which is expected to soar in the coming years. Same way, the average inflation for India was 10.92 percent in the year 2103, which has went down to 6.00 percent in 2016 and 5.22% in 2024 (Data source: mospi.gov.in). The focused approach from the government under the guidance of Narendra Modi is sure to uplift the ailing Indian economy.

Infrastructure Development

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India has taken steps towards unprecedented infrastructure development. The government has launched the ₹111 trillion National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP), which focuses on modernizing India’s roads, railways, airports and ports.

Key Infrastructure Development Projects:

• Bharat Mala Project: Construction of 34,800 km of highways and expressways, which will reduce logistics costs and increase ease of doing business.
• Sagar Mala Project: A comprehensive scheme to enhance India’s ports and maritime trade, which will boost exports.
• Railway Modernization: Bullet train project, electrification of railway tracks and introduction of new Vande Bharat Express trains.
• Air Connectivity: Under the UDAN scheme, smaller cities are being connected to the air network, making air travel more affordable and convenient.

Impact:

• Logistics costs are reduced, thereby boosting exports and business activities.
• Massive employment opportunities created.
• Connectivity between rural and urban areas has improved, boosting overall development.

Economic Growth

India’s economy has been registering a steady GDP growth of 6-7% over the past few years, making it one of the fastest growing economies globally. Renowned investor Mark Mobius praised India’s economic growth and called it a result of a strong infrastructure and business-friendly environment.

Important Economic Reforms and Achievements:

Make in India initiative: Domestic and foreign companies were encouraged to invest in India, leading to growth in the manufacturing sector.

• Digital India: Empowered small businesses and startups by promoting digital payments and e-governance.
• Implementation of GST: Made doing business easier and transparent across the country, improving revenue collection.
• Startup India: Transformed India into the world’s leading startup hub by providing tax benefits and financial support to new companies.

Impact:

• Increase in foreign direct investment (FDI), making India a global business hub.
• Creation of new employment opportunities, especially in technology and manufacturing sectors.
• More support to small and medium industries, thereby promoting the Aatmanirbhar Bharat mission.

3. Popular Among Diaspora

No other PMs of India has ever made such sincere efforts to be a hero among the Indian diaspora. Ever since he joined the office, he has been consistent with his efforts to engage with the Indians living abroad. He gained wide audience and appreciation for his addresses in Johannesburg, California, Toronto and Dubai.

He not only brought a sense of pride among the Indians living abroad but also made efforts to make living conditions better for them outside their home land. NaMo has received a lot of appreciation, respect and support from NRI’s for referring them as the nation’s ambassadors abroad.

4. Empowering The Nation

During his address from the ramparts of the Red Fort, NaMo declared three words ‘Make In India’ that woke up the nation to its actual potential. For many decades our country has been grappling with a disease called unemployment, but our PM’s vision to transform India into one of the world’s greatest manufacturing hubs has breathed a new life into this dying dream.

Ever since he made the announcement, foreign investments have started pouring in about 25 different sectors that have immense growth potential. The ease of doing so has also brought a significant climb in business rankings. The other flagship campaigns of NaMo like Skills India and Digital India have started turning the nation into one of the best start-up incubation centers across the globe.

5. Global Leadership

India’s global diplomacy and international relations have seen unprecedented growth during the tenure of Prime Minister Modi. India has now become an important force on global platforms and is strengthening its position in international trade and strategic alliances.

Key achievements:

• Trade relations with UAE: The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) came into force between the two countries, leading to increased trade.
• Presidency of the G20: India successfully hosted the G20 summit in 2023, in which important decisions were taken on global economic cooperation and sustainable development.
• Effective participation in QUAD and BRICS: India is strengthening strategic partnerships with the US, Japan, and Australia, promoting stability and trade in the Indo-Pacific region.

• ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’ policy: India has prioritised climate change, green energy and sustainable development at global forums.

Impact:

• India’s foreign policy has become more influential now.
• India has become a preferred destination for global investors.
• Strategic security and trade relations have strengthened.

Conclusion:

India has always remained a land of visionaries, thus it doesn’t come as a surprise when PM Narendra Modi shares his far sighted vision for India. He aims to make the nation a powerful one and not the part of third world countries anymore.

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India has recorded historic achievements in the fields of infrastructure, economy and global relations. The ₹111 trillion infrastructure plan, economic growth of 6-7% and India’s growing credibility at international forums show how the country is entering a new era. This progress is an important step towards making India self-reliant and a major power in the world.

Also Read: Narendra Modi: The Most Exciting Political Figure Among India’s Youth

The post 5 Reasons: Why Narendra Modi is the Best Prime Minister for India appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

Observe your college mates
In order to protect yourself from college politics, you must observe the activities of your college mates. You must be attentive to note the people who instigate college talks or spread unnecessary rumours. Follow the golden rule: MYOB, Mind Your Own Business, and collaborate this with the practice of observing without participating. This will allow you to safely peep into the politics in your department so that you may stay aware of what is going on around you.

Try to maintain rigid frontiers
If you try to maintain rigid frontiers while studying in college, you can surely surpass college politics. As a student, don’t try to befriend your teachers. Furthermore, you shouldn’t try to get involved in any blabbermouth or irrelevant arguments. Even while dealing with the teachers or professors, try to stay humble and keep your tone low and professional.

Prefer having Private conversations with your college mates
Once you get to know about the people who are involved in college politics, you must prefer having private conversations with them. You must calmly listen to your mates and try to make them understand that they have come to the college for studying and not to involve themselves in the dirty game of politics. Honestly, there are no losers or winners and everything is just a mess unless it is for a real cause. Support a cause only if your inner self says so. Else, stay away from the violent crowd.

Encourage respect among your college mates
If you want to surpass college politics, follow the habit of respecting everyone and handling all activities at college in a manner that is expected of a responsible student.

Just be yourself
Your efforts to impress the college mates and teachers by backstabbing and talking about others will unnecessarily decrease your reputation.

Walking away when the situation requires
If you feel that a discussion with your college mates is turning into rumours or scheming, try avoiding your participation in the discussion.

Can’t stay unaffected by college politics
College politics affects you even if you don’t have direct involvement. It is advisable that you concentrate on your own work so that no one gets a reason to question you. Keep yourself directed to your studies and other useful academic activities.

Don’t leak your privacy
Prefer not to share your personal information with your college mates and friends. This helps curb the opportunity for anyone to harm you or to use the information against you.
In order to surpass college politics, try not to complain against your college mates even if you find their talks irrational and troublemaking. Keep a positive attitude towards life and it will become easier for you to mark your distinctive stand amongst people who are more involved in other activities.

The post Surpassing College Politics appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

Roles of Cabinet Ministers

The main roles of cabinet ministers of India are:

1. The main role of the cabinet is to keep the confidence of the parliament house.
2. The cabinet ministers are responsible for the schemes and policies of both houses (Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha).
3. Directing government policy and making decisions based on national issues.
4. Utilizing their majority work hours in discussing the problems of the country and ways to resolve it.
5. Presenting bills and proposing laws from their government departments.

Selection of Cabinet Ministers

Cabinet ministers are officially appointed by the president of India but selected by the Prime Minister. The portfolios are distributed among the ministers based on competence and interest. Apart from competence and interest, the Selection of a minister also depends on the loyalty of the minister with the ruling party and the implicit need for representing the major part of the country’s population. For example, based on caste, religion, language, etc.

The selected minister must be a member of any of the houses of the parliament of India.

List of Cabinet Ministers of India and their Portfolios

Below are the list of cabinet ministers of India and their portfolios:

Cabinet Ministers of India

Ministers of State (Independent Charge)

Ministers of State

The post Cabinet Ministers of India – List and Portfolio appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

The Prime Minister also has the authority to dismiss or select the other cabinet members. Nowadays, the Prime Minister sometimes often may be a member of the lower house of the legislature, and being the head of the government, the prime minister also holds some other posts and roles.

Introduction

The prime minister is appointed by the President of India and usually, in the Indian Parliament, the prime minister is the chairperson of the majority party of the government. The role of the prime minister is to appoint a committee of the cabinet, Ministry of Planning, Ministry of Personnel Pensions, and Public Grievances Department of Atomic Energy and Space. 

The prime minister also performs the duties of various international meetings, organizations, and conferences. And to vote in the elections for the prime minister a person should be a citizen of India, and should be a member of the Rajya Sabha or Lok Sabha, and should be age above 25-30 years.

List of Prime Ministers of India

The first prime minister of India was Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru from the “Indian National Congress” and the current prime minister is Narendra Modi from the “Bharatiya Janata Party”. Despite that India has had fifteen prime ministers since the day of Independence in 1947. There is the list of the Prime Ministers of India from the years 1947 to 2024 under the table given below:

Name of Prime Ministers	Photo of PMs	Working Period		Party
Shri Jawaharlal Nehru		1947 – 1964	16 years, 286 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri		1964 – 1966	1 year, 216 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Gulzarilal Nanda		1966 – 1966	13 days	Indian National Congress
Mrs. Indira Gandhi		1966 – 1977	11 years, 59 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Morarji Desai		1977 – 1979	2 years, 126 days	Janata Party.
Shri Chaudhary Charan Singh		1979 – 1980	170 days	Janata Party (Secular)
Mrs. Indira Gandhi		1980 – 1984	4 years, 291 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Rajiv Gandhi		1984 – 1989	5 years, 32 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Vishwanath Pratap Singh (V. P. Singh)		1989 – 1990	343 days	Janata Dal (National Front)
Shri Chandra Shekhar		1990 – 1991	223 days	Samajwadi Janata Party
Shri P.V Narasimha Rao		1991 – 1996	4 years, 330 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee		1996 – 1996	16 days	Bharatiya Janata Party
Shri H.D Deva Gowda		1996 – 1997	324 days	Janta Dal (United Front)
Shri Inder Kumar Gujral		1997 – 1998	332 days	Janta Dal (United Front)
Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee		1998 – 2004	6 years, 64 days	Bharatiya Janata Party
Dr. Manmohan Singh		2004 – 2014	10 years, 4 days	Indian National Congress
Shri Narendra Modi		2014 – incumbent	10+ years	Bharatiya Janata Party

Let’s discuss all the details briefly one by one below.

Detailed All PM List Of India

The Prime Minister of India is the head of the government and plays a crucial role in the administration and policy-making of the country. Since India’s independence in 1947, the nation has seen several leaders who have shaped its destiny. We will see the detailed list of all PM of India here.

1st Prime Minister of India: Pt Jawaharlal Nehru (1947-1964)

Shri Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14th November 1988 and was also an Indian independence activist. He was the first and the longest-serving prime minister of India since the date of independence and served in the country until his death in 1964 he was also called Pandit Nehru due to his birthplace in the Kashmiri Pandit community and also named Chacha Nehru due to the love for the children. Today, Children’s Day is celebrated on the day of his birth anniversary (14th November) in remembrance of his memory.

Political career and key contributions of the first prime minister of India:

• Early Life: Born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad. Educated in the UK at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge.
• Political Career: Joined the Indian National Congress, played a pivotal role in the freedom movement.
• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Architect of modern India, established the Planning Commission and spearheaded India’s non-alignment policy.

2nd Prime Minister of India: Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri (1964-1966)

Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on 2nd October 1904. He joined the Indian independence movement in 1920 later after the independence he joined the “National Congress party” and became the key cabinet colleague of Jawaharlal Nehru and served India in numerous positions such as the Railway Minister and Home Minister. During the Indo-Pakistan War in the year 1965, his slogan “JAI JAWAN JAI KISAN” became very famous. His political career runs under the years 1947 to 1964 & in the year 1964, he became the second Prime Minister of India after the death of Jawaharlal Nehru.

He had continued the socialist, economic policies as per the guidelines of Nehru with central planning and died in 1966 at Tashkent, Uzbekistan (one day after signing the peace treaty to end Indo-Pakistan War).

Political career and key contributions of Shri Lal Bahadur Shashtri

• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Promoted the White Revolution, led India during the Indo-Pak war of 1965, and coined the slogan “Jai Jawan Jai Kisan.”

3rd Prime Minister of India: Shri Gulzarilal Nanda (1964, 1966)

Gulzarilal Nanda was born on 4th July 1898. He was a specialized economist and politician in the “labour issue”. He had the chance to become the Prime Minister of India for a short period twice after the death of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964 and Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1965 as he was in the position of the Home Minister in both times and his term ended until the Indian National Congress’s parliamentary party elected or assigns the new prime minister. He was also awarded Bharat Ratna.

4th & 7th Prime Minister of India: Indira Gandhi (1966-1977 & 1980-1984)

Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was born on 19th November 1917 and was the daughter of the Jawaharlal Nehru. She was the first women prime minister of India and also the central figure of the “Indian National Congress”. She was the second longest-serving prime minister of India. The slogan of “Garibi Hatao” became very famous which was in support of the rural and urban poor. In the Indo-Pakistan War, her biggest achievement was the decisive victory over Pakistan.

She had also served India in many positions such as the Ministry of External Affairs, Ministry of Home Affairs, Minister of Defence, minister of Information, and Broadcasting, and she was assassinated in 1984 by two of his Sikhs bodyguards by their service weapons in New Delhi to take the revenge for Operation Blue Star.

Political career and key contributions of the First Lady Prime Minister of India:

• Early Life: Born on November 19, 1917, in Allahabad. Studied at Visva-Bharati University, Shantiniketan, and the University of Oxford.
• Political Career: Served as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting before becoming Prime Minister.
• Tenure Achievements: Led India to victory in the 1971 war, abolished the Privy Purse, and implemented the 20-point program during the Emergency.
• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Green Revolution, nationalization of banks, led India during the Bangladesh Liberation War.

5th Prime Minister of India: Morarji Desai (1977-1979)

Morarji Ranchhodji Desai was born on 29th February 1896. He was the Indian independence activist and also the fifth prime minister of India. He was appointed as prime minister of India in the year 1977. Since the war in 1962, he restored normal relations with China for the first time after the war. He also established a friendly relationship with Pakistan. He also played a crucial role in the Indian Nuclear Program in 1974 he also worked for the decimation of R&AW.

He was also honoured as the freedom fighter in his generation and also a socialist and moralist. After the retirement, he lived in Mumbai and died at the age of 99 years in 1995.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Morarji Desai

• Political Party: Janata Party
• Key Contributions: Emphasized administrative reforms, initiated the anti-corruption drive, and improved relations with Pakistan through the Simla Agreement.

6th Prime Minister of India: Shri Charan Singh (1979-1980)

Chaudhary Charan Singh was born on 23rd December 1902 and serves India as the sixth prime minister. He was also referred to as “Champion of India’s Peasants”. He won the Lok Sabha election from the “Janata Party” in 1977 and was asked to resign in 1978 for the following disagreement with Morarji who was the Home Minister at that time but came back again to the cabinet as the prime minister in 1979 however, after 23 days of becoming the prime minister he again resigned on 20 August 1979.

Despite that his birthday is celebrated as “Kissan Diwas” on 23rd December every year in India and the Amausi Airport in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh was also renamed after him as the “Chaudhary Charan Singh Airport” and in his honor the University of Meerut, Uttar Pradesh was also named after him as “Chaudhary Charan Singh University”.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Charan Singh

• Political Party: Janata Party (Secular)
• Key Contributions: Focused on agrarian reforms, introduced policies for farmers’ welfare.

8th Prime Minister of India: Rajiv Gandhi (1984-1989)

Rajiv Ratna Gandhi was born on 20th August 1944 and was served as the prime minister of India. He took office after the assassination of his mother, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, and became the youngest prime minister of India at the age of 40 years. His first action after being the prime minister was to pass the Anti-Defection Law in 1985. He also increased government support in technology, science, and associated industries reduced taxes and tariffs on technology-based industries, import quotas.

He also announced the National Policy of Education in 1986 and founded the Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya system. He also served as the Pilot in Indian Airlines and also works for different foreign policy and at the age of 46 years, he was also assassinated by the LTTE suicide Bombay in 1991.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Rajiv Gandhi

• Early Life: Born on August 20, 1944, in Bombay. Educated at the Doon School and Trinity College, Cambridge.
• Political Career: Entered politics after the tragic death of his brother Sanjay Gandhi, and became Prime Minister after Indira Gandhi’s assassination.
• Tenure Achievements: Pioneered India’s information technology and telecommunications revolution, and initiated efforts to reduce bureaucracy.
• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Introduced the IT and telecom revolution in India, promoted modernization and liberalization, and led anti-defamation and anti-terrorism laws.

9th Prime Minister of India: Shri Vishwanath Pratap Singh (1989-1990)

Vishwanath Pratap Singh was born on 25th June 1931. He was an Indian politician and became the prime minister in 1989. After a few days of taking the office, he faces a crisis as the Kashmiri military kidnapped the daughter of his Home Minister Mufti Mohammed Sayeed who was the former Chief Minister of Jammu & Kashmir therefore, his government agreed to release the militants in exchange for sort-out the crisis. He also enacted the “SC-ST Act of 1989” to prevent the atrocities against the members of the Scheduled Tribes & Scheduled Castes.

He also moved forward on the social-justice-related issues and decided to implement the Mandal Commission and after his huge efforts to India, he died in Delhi on 27th November 2008.

Political career and key contributions of Shri V P Singh

• Political Party: Janata Dal
• Key Contributions: Implemented the Mandal Commission report, provided reservations for OBCs, and initiated measures for transparency in governance.

10th Prime Minister of India: Chandra Shekhar (1990-1991)

Chandra Shekhar Singh was born on 1st July 1927 and was the prime minister of the second shortest period of seven months after Charan Singh. During his period, he handled the portfolios of home & defence affairs.

However, as the congress withdrew support during its formulation on 6th March 1991 that’s why his government was unable to introduce the full budget and consequently, he had to resign from the office on the same day.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Chandra Shekhar

• Political Party: Samajwadi Janata Party
• Key Contributions: Addressed economic challenges, and negotiated with the IMF for economic aid.

11th Prime Minister of India: Shri P V Narasimha Rao (1991-1996)

Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao was born in 28th June 1921. He was an Indian lawyer and politician and became the prime minister in 1991. He adopted to avert the impending economic crisis in 1991, his government also reduced the fiscal deficit and progressed in the areas of opening up foreign investments and energising the National Nuclear Security & Ballistic Missile Programme. He appointed Dr. Manmohan Singh an economist as his Finance Minister to accomplish his goals.

He was also referred to as the “Father of Indian Economic Reforms”. However, soon the Sonia Gandhi supporters forced him to step down as the Party President and therefore replaced by Sitaram Kesri after making many huge efforts as the prime minister he also faced many financial difficulties and died from a heart attack on 9th December 2004.

Political career and key contributions of Shri P V Narasimha Rao

• Early Life: Born on June 28, 1921, in Karimnagar. Studied at Osmania University, University of Mumbai, and Nagpur University.
• Political Career: Served in various capacities including Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Defense Minister, and Foreign Minister.
• Tenure Achievements: Liberalized the Indian economy, dismantled the License Raj, and initiated reforms that attracted foreign investments.
• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Launched major economic reforms, liberalized the Indian economy, and introduced policies that encouraged foreign investments.

13th Prime Minister of India: Shri H D Deve Gowda (1996-1997)

Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda was born on 18th May 1933. He was an Indian politician and became the prime minister in 1996 when the United Front with the support of the Congress decided to form the government at the centre then Deve Gowda was chosen unexpectedly as the prime minister of India and continued until 1977.

He was also appointed as the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front and was also credited for providing financial closure in the development of the Delhi Metro Project.

Political career and key contributions of Shri H D Deve Gowda

• Political Party: Janata Dal
• Key Contributions: Focused on rural development, initiated policies for farmers’ welfare.

The 14th Prime Minister of India: Shri Inder Kumar Gujral (1997-1998)

Inder Kumar Gujral was born on 4th December 1919. He was a freedom and politician activist, and an Indian diplomat also. He became the prime minister of India in 1997. He is also remembered for his Gujral Doctrine which is a set of five principles to guide the conduct of foreign relations with India’s immediate neighbours such as Pakistan he also served the country as the minister of external affairs.

He died on 19th November 2012 with the illness of Lung infection.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Inder Kumar Gujral

• Political Party: Janata Dal
• Key Contributions: Advocated the Gujral Doctrine for India’s foreign policy, focused on improving relations with neighboring countries.

12th, 15th & 16th Prime Minister of India: Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1996, 1998-1999, 1999-2004)

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was born on 25th December 1924. He served three terms as the Prime Minister of India. The first term was in 1996 which is of 13 days, the second term was in 1998-99 which was 13 months, and then followed the third full term in 1999-04. He was the co-founder and senior leader of the BJP despite that he was also a famous poet and writer and over the five decades, he was also a member of the Indian Parliament.

The Pokhran-II Nuclear test in 1998 was conducted during his tenure as the prime minister. He also serves the country as the Ministry of External Affairs. And died on 16th August 2018 due to his illness. His birth anniversary is celebrated as the “Good Governance Day” on the remark of his duties as a politician as well as prime minister.

Political career and key contributions of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee

• Early Life: Born on December 25, 1924, in Gwalior. Studied at Victoria College (now Laxmibai College) and DAV College, Kanpur.
• Political Career: One of the founding members of the Bharatiya Janata Party, served as a Member of Parliament for decades.
• Tenure Achievements: Led India to conduct nuclear tests, introduced major infrastructure projects like the Golden Quadrilateral, improved Indo-US relations.
• Political Party: Bharatiya Janata Party
• Key Contributions: Initiated economic reforms, nuclear tests in 1998, introduced the Golden Quadrilateral project.

17th Prime Minister of India: Manmohan Singh (2004-2014)

Manmohan Singh was born on 26th September 1932. He was an Indian Economist, academic, and politician as well and became the prime minister of India in 2004. He was the first Sikh to be the PM of India and was also re-elected after completing the terms of five years from the Indian National Congress. He worked on a better Health & Education system and new laws were also passed in his tenure period such as the Right to Information Act, National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), Land Acquisition Act & Right of Children to Free & Compulsory Education Act.

He also continued the pragmatic foreign policies which were started by P.V Narashima Rao. He was also honoured by many awards at the National & International level.

Political career and key contributions of Dr Manmohan Singh

• Political Party: Indian National Congress
• Key Contributions: Implemented economic reforms, introduced policies for social and rural development, and spearheaded the Indo-US nuclear deal.
• Early Life: Born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, Punjab (now in Pakistan). Educated at Panjab University, University of Cambridge, and University of Oxford.
• Political Career: Known as the architect of India’s economic reforms, served as Finance Minister before becoming Prime Minister.
• Tenure Achievements: Implemented landmark economic policies, and advanced social welfare programs, strengthened India’s position on the global stage.

18th Prime Minister of India: Narendra Modi (2014- Incumbent)

Shri Narendra Modi has been the current Prime Minister of India since 2014 as he was re-elected thrice as the head of the government now serving his third consecutive tenure; which equals Jawaharlal Nehru’s record. He is the head of the Councils of Ministers and the leader of the Lok Sabha. He has regulated many policies and schemes for the civilians such as Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna, generating Ayushman Cards for the treatment of the people up to 5 lacs as the government schemes and so on. 

Political career and key contributions of Shri Narendra Modi

• Early Life: Born on September 17, 1950, in Vadnagar, Gujarat.
• Political Career: Served as Chief Minister of Gujarat before becoming Prime Minister.
• Tenure Achievements: Launched significant campaigns like Make in India, Digital India, and Swachh Bharat, implemented the Goods and Services Tax (GST), managed the COVID-19 pandemic response.
• Political Party: Bharatiya Janata Party
• Key Contributions: Launched initiatives like Make in India, Digital India, and Swachh Bharat, implemented GST, successfully drove the Namami Gange project to clean the sacred river Ganga, revoked Article 370, Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019; which render Triple Talaq illegal in India starting from August 1, 2019, and led the fight against COVID-19.

Frequently Asked Questions – List of Prime Ministers of India

Q1. Who was the first prime minister of India?

Ans. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the first prime minister of India since the day of independence.

Q2. Who was the first woman to be appointed as the prime minister in India?

Ans. Indira Gandhi was the first woman to be appointed as the prime minister of India.

Q3. Who was the youngest prime minister of India?

Ans. Rajiv Gandhi was the youngest prime minister of India as he held the office of the parliament after the assassination of her mother, Indira Gandhi.

Q4. Why and when is Good Governance Day celebrated in India?

Ans. The Good Governance Day is celebrated on 25th December every year in the remembrance and remark of the former prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

Q5. Who was the prime minister of India before Narendra Modi?

Ans. Dr. Manmohan Singh was the prime minister of India just before Shri Narendra Modi took oath of PM in 2014.

The post Comprehensive List of Prime Ministers of India (1947 – Present) appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

The Aam Aadmi party was commissioned by a first time politician and a former IRS officer Mr. Arvind Kejriwal who had no connection with any existing political party. Most of the founders of the party were a part of the India Against Corruption (IAC) movement, which was led by veteran social activist Anna Hazare. All those who were part of IAC pushed for the Jan Lokpal Bill, which has the provision of investigation against the public servants facing criminal or corruption charges.

Though, the movement gained quite a momentum among the masses but soon the difference between the ideologies of Arvind Kejriwal and his mentor Anna Hazare started surfacing as Kejriwal started driving the movement politically. Anna Hazare has a stern belief that his movement shall not be politicized, but Kejriwal and his likes though that the well placed political system can help in bringing the desired change.

Due to these differences, Kejriwal and his allies decided to branch out of the movement and formally launched their own political venture called Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) on November 26, 2012. In March 2013, their party managed to get recognition from the Election Commission of India as well.

AAP came as a blow of fresh air for the common man who started seeing some hope in the Indian political system. Arvind Kejriwal not only led the party but also came up as a quintessential ‘aam aadmi’ fighting for the causes of the common man. The historical results of 2013 Delhi Assembly Elections where AAP won 28 out of 70 seats sent the sock waves across the Indian political circuit and established AAP as a force to reckon with. During that time only, AAP formed a government in Delhi with outside support from Indian National Congress. Party founder Arvind Kejriwal was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Delhi on 28 December 2013.

Leaders Of AAP

AAP was led by Arvind Kejriwal who unleashed a common man phenomenon in the Indian political system, which has never been done before. They made a very effective use of social media to induct educated volunteers in their party. AAP volunteers even campaigned from door to door to associate individuals having no political background with the party.

The initial political affairs committee formed by AAP leadership included Manish Sisodia, Kumar Vishwas, Yogendra Yadav, Prashant Bhushan, Gopal Rai and many more prominent names from different walks of life. They even managed to grab the attention from people like Captain Gopinath, Founder of Air Deccan, Mallika Sarabhai, Sameer Nair, Meera Sanyal, etc. but most of them soon called their association off with Arvind Kejriwal’s brainchild.

AAP, like any other political forum has faced its own share of internal conflicts and detraction, which has led to the departure of some prominent names from the party. The internal discord reached a level where the members started finding fault within the members and the leadership itself, but AAP managed to survive the political force. 

Symbol Of The AAP

Because Arvind Kejriwal and his parry supporters have taken up the daunting task of cleaning the country from corruption, they decided to choose the humble ‘broom’ as the official election symbol for their party. They even chanted the slogan ‘Jhaadi Chalao, beimaan Bhagao’ to justify their slogan and aimed it towards cleaning the Indian political system from all sorts of corruption. The party fought for a more transparent system to fight corruption and also help the country reclaim its identity of being the world’s largest democratic nation.

Achievements of the AAP

After coming into power in Delhi, the first thing that party did is to reduce the electricity bills for up to 400 units using the subsidy system. They also provided free water to the households that have water meters installed but for up to 20 kiloliters only. The Kejriwal government also took some major steps that included scrapping of much debated Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in multi-retail stores. In order to stick to their core vision and reason that led to the formation of the party, the Kejriwal led government set up an anti corruption helpline through which citizens can report against the corrupt government officials.

AAP and its Vision

Aam Aadmi party (AAP) initiated a project called Aap Ki Kranti with an objective to reach every door step in the country. They are also making efficient use of the newsletters to reach the masses with the focus on the mode of propagating, instigating and intimating the common man of India about AAP’s vision and ideologies. They are organizing so many activities for increasing awareness about the party even in the remotest areas of the country.

Gopal Rai, one of the prominent members of the AAP has taken the sole responsibility of the project and every step in being taken under the supervision only. Another party member Deepak Pilot is looking after the management and the team expansion part of the project so that they can have enough number of volunteers until 2019, when India will go under the election to form government at the center.

Under the project, every reader who is interested to get to know about the party and its initiatives has to pay an annual fee of Rs.100 and they will get the issue of the AAP newsletter, which is published every 15 days. They have also started a grievance helpline where a person just has to call on a helpline number, i.e. 8588833550.

AAP has also shown that they always take the Gandhian route of Swaraj to voice their concerns, which they have used in this movement as well. They will take the public route to voice their mission statements to the authorities at the center and will also engage in public meetings themselves to hear out the grievances of the people personally.

CM, Kejriwal has also sought to abolish the most prevalent VIP culture in the Capital. To do this, the first thing that he has done is to ban the use of red beacons on the government officials cars and also for the ministers. He has also taken away many special privileges from the ministers and bureaucrats. The party is also applauded for issuing permits to new 5,500 auto rickshaws in Delhi NCR.

AAP Political Dream So Far

Despite winning the Delhi elections in 2015 with historical results, AAP failed to repeat its performance in other parts of the country. The poor performance in 2017 Punjab and GOA assembly elections has put a great pressure on the party to stay on track and maintain its public image, which is getting maligned for some or the other reason for the past few months.

The post All about Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

About the origin of the party

Bal Thackeray was a Mumbai based cartoonist before he started this party. He used to publish his works of satire in the weekly magazine ‘Marmik’. It was through this magazine that he began expressing his ideas on the whole migrations system. This led to the founding of the Shiv Sena on 19 June 1966. The party unemployed Marathi’s in large numbers, who then began getting involved in attacks on south Indian establishments, forcing them to employ Marathi’s as well.

Today, the party is headed by Bal Thackeray’s son, Uddhav Thackeray, who became the party leader in the year 2004. Now, after his father’s death, he is the leader of the party but refuses to take on the title of ‘Sena Pramukh’.

The structure of the party

Being the founder and the leader of the party, it was mostly Bal Thackeray himself, who was seen taking all major decisions related to the conduct of the party. The members and activists of the party, who called themselves Shiv Sainiks, were responsible for implementing the actions of their leader.

During his last days in the year 2012, owing to ill health, Bal Thackeray ensured that the day to day affairs of the party are carried out and overlooked by his sons Uddhav Thackeray and Aditya Thackeray. At that time, son Uddhav Thackeray had been entrusted with the leadership of the Yuva Sena, which is the young wing of the party. However, later that year, after the death of Bal Thackeray, the reigns of the party leadership were handed over to him.

Since the year 1976, the party has maintained its headquarters at the Dadar locality of Mumbai. However, in order to address various issues of the party members and the locals in general, the party has instituted various ‘Shakhas’ that spread out all across Maharashtra and are responsible for overseeing the local issues in their respective localities. Owing to its objectives, the Sthaniya Lokadhikar has also affiliated with the Shiv Sena, where their main objectives are the preservation of the rights of Maharashtra’s people, in relation to employment.

Stories of internal conflict

When there is politics and a mass congregation of crowds collected at one place, there are bound to be clashes between people. It is said that Raj Thackeray, nephew of Bal Thackeray, left the party in the year 2005, owing to some internal conflicts, sparking controversies. The break away became even rife with speculation when he went on to form another party, the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena. Since, then, there have been frequent clashes between the two parties on several issues.

What are the ideologies of the party?

The party states that it is committed on an 80-20 percent strata to social service and politics. According to party data, it is believed that the Shiv Sena has played a central role in the freedom of five lakh slum dwellers in Dharavi, Mumbai. The anti Dalit party has come forward to place its views in favour of the Marathi’s and has clearly opposed Namantar Andolan. The party has also shown active protest against Pakistan and actively opposes any Indian Pakistan activity.

The Shiv Sena has bagged an entry into the Guinness World book of records for collecting the maximum amount of blood in a day. Time and again, the party has come forward to help fellow citizens such as in the case of drought affected farmers in the Marathwada region in 2015.

Alliance of the Shiv Sena with the Bharatiya Janata Party

The party is based and originated on the Hindutva ideology. However, over the years, it was felt that the ideology of the party was weakening. Therefore, since the year 1989, the Shiv Sena and the Bharatiya Janata Party, have been in a coalition with each other, both, for the Lok Sabha and the Maharashtra Assembly. However, this marriage of the two parties came to an end in 2014, over seat issues in the Maharashtra assembly elections. After that, the two parties contested the elections independently. The Bharatiya Janata Party received a major win over here and after further negotiations between the two parties, they now govern the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation together today.

The election symbol of the party

As approved by the election commission of India, the party has a symbol of a bow and arrow, drawn on a saffron flag. The symbolism of this emerges from the strong Hindu nationalist sentiment that the part reserves. It relates to the proper symbolism used in Hindu temples and the tilak that is drawn across the forehead. The purpose of the bow and arrow is to symbolise hitting the target and again, this reserves a special relevance in the Hindu mythology, which is why it was brought into use by the party. Therefore, the party manifests its ideologies and practices in a very transparent manner that is deeply religious, ethnic and regional. Owing to the farfetched ideologies of the party, it is also a symbol of being an enemy to anyone who is not a Marathi. This has made the party an extremely fascist and extremist party in the modern times, which becomes very visible through the use of their unique party symbol.

The final say

Despite its extremist nature, the Shiv Sena is a popular party in the Maharashtra region. It has achieved many high accolades since its inception and continues to do so even today. The leaders of the party still walk along the original ideologies of its fathers.

The post All you need to know about Shiv Sena Party appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

The present scenario

As of now, the third phase of the elections is being conducted which covers the regions of Kanpur and Avadh, both of which happen to be the stronghold of the Yadav family. Owing to stiff competition with the Bharatiya Janata Party, it might be difficult to bag the essential seats in these constituencies. However, owing to the high voter turnout as of now, it can be expected that the results will be in favour of the Samajwadi party. There is a common consensus between the party leaders and the obvious choice for the leader, who will take the chair of the Chief Minister, is Akhilesh Yadav. Not long before now, the party tied up with the Congress party and Akhilesh and Rahul Gandhi have been seen campaigning together for these elections.

What the near and dear ones say

When it comes to the Yadav family, the father, Mulayam Singh Yadav has high aspirations from his son, after the two were in the spotlight for a major rife between them last year. Even mother Sadhna Yadav, speaks highly of her step son, Akhilesh Yadav and expresses her deepest desire to see him become the Chief Minister once again. She sees her son and Akhilesh as equals and her support for the present Chief Minister is a prominent backing that he needs to succeed.

The social media scenario

When there is something huge happening in the country, social media does not stay behind in putting up its views, in whatever manner, at numerous platforms. In one such gig, a spoof video is making the rounds around the internet, as the UP elections continue. According to this video, it is predicted that Akhilesh wins the elections this time as well and made the Chief Minister of the state. The title of the video is ‘Akhilesh returns’ and is wholeheartedly dedicated to a positive inclination towards a successful result of the UP elections in favour of Shri Akhilesh Yadav. Taking a step ahead, this video also takes a severe dig at the prime minister and his council for their move on demonetisation. 

The final say

With most of the cards in their favour, it is expected that the party will take a win and seeing how Akhilesh Yadav has transformed the face of the state during his last term, it will be prudent for him to take the reins this time as well, and move the party in the right direction.

The post Shall Akhilesh Yadav be Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh again in 2017 Election appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

Democracy gives people the right to free speech, right to information, right to protest even against their own representatives or the elected ones. Democracy provides dignity to its citizens, it allows people to express their views and every individual holds equal rights, regardless of their position in the society. Quite opposite to an authoritarian state where all the power is vested on a despotic or a dictator, democracy provides empowerment to all its countrymen and no one has described democracy better than Lincoln, “By the people, of the people and for the people.”

On the other side, democracy does have its loopholes, it gives scope to conflicts, hampers the economic growth and fails to accommodate contrasting views and opinions which eventually compels the practice of the majority rule and puts the minorities interest in danger.

The conflict of interest is resolved through dialogues and the existence of transparency that allows the government to take decisions based on the interest of the country. If a section of the society or a party is not in agreement with the government’s decision, the constitution gives the country men the right to protest peacefully against the elected government which is certainly not possible in an arbitrary or a military government.

Another key point which goes in favour of democracy is the Rule of Law. The constitution of a democratic country keeps every citizen equal before the law, regardless of a person’s wealth, designation and social status. Through democracy, Human Rights are protected which provides every individual the right to education, employment among many others. In a democracy, there is scope to rectify the mistake through the power of vote, be it the parliamentary or state elections.

While many famous leaders have opined democracy as, “Democracy is not freedom. Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what to eat for lunch.” but this theory can be just called a perspective. People who are against a democratic government always give the example of China which is one of the most economically powerful countries in the world, the development is largely credited because it doesn’t function on democratic set-up which gives the ultimate power to the ruler of the country to take decisions which might not be favored by its own citizens. Some also opine, the success of a Monarchy form of government like Saudi Arabia where there is no dearth of wealth which allows people to live a lavish life. Now, all these examples are compelling, but one can’t simply credit the development of these countries because of non-democratic government, but it also depends on the natural resources and the geographical location of the country.

To sum up, every individual would prefer to live in a state which allows the person to live and enjoy the essence of freedom. A state or a society would suffocate people if there is no right to equality and freedom of speech. Every individual is different and thinks differently and hence in a civilized society the existence and the right to debate and protest provide individuals the security and the peace of mind that his opinions and thoughts are not curbed, but valued. Yes, democracy has its cons but among all the forms of government, an ordinary person would prefer to breathe in a space freely. John Adams the second president of the United States once quoted, “Democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes, exhausts, and murders itself. There never was a democracy yet that did not commit suicide.” So, there will always be powerful people who will be against democracy, but I prefer to enjoy the freedom to express my views through this article which is possible in a democracy only.

The post Is democracy the best form of Government? appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

Indian Politics is defined largely by the equations between the national parties, namely the Bahujan Samajwadi Party (BSP) a prominent player in Uttar Pradesh; Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) which has its presence in numerous states both North & South of the Vindhyas and The Indian National Congress (known simply as the Congress Party), which is currently the ruling party.

As the 2014 Elections come closer, political watchers are keenly following the rise of Narendra Modi, the Chief Minister of Gujarat who has been recently nominated to lead the election campaign for BJP for the 2014 elections. Mr. Narendra Modi as he is known has also been slowly but surely preparing himself for the post of the PM. 

Combined with the huge anti – incumbency feeling against the Congress and the failure of its heir apparent, Mr. Rahul Gandhi, in making any impact among the electorate, the 2014 elections is surely going to challenge quite a few exit polls.

The post Indian Politics Multi Party System appeared first on Saralstudy.com.

Origin of democracy 

• The system of democracy is believed to have originated in Athens in Greece.
• Athens first had a king. Then the state was ruled by nobles. It was in the 6th century BC that statesman Solon created four new kinds of citizenship.
• All adult free males were considered citizens and all citizens had the right to vote in the assembly or government body. • Citizens of the three higher classes could also hold public office.
• However, democracy was limited at that time as women, slaves and foreign nationals did not come under the category of citizens.
• A hundred years after Solon, Cleisthenes, a leader, allowed all citizens to add laws on passage and debate and created a council of randomly chosen members.
• It was during the Golden Age of Greece, that democracy got a more refined face. Pericles gave more power to democracy by increasing the number of paid government employees, enabling poor citizens to secure employment with the government.
• He also introduced the idea of direct democracy, wherein citizens could directly deal with the state. This bypassed citizen representatives.

As the Golden Age of Greece faded and the Roman Empire rose to its peak of glory, the republican element of Rome was integrated into the public administration system

Influence of Romans

• Rome was a republic where citizens had the right to vote and choose their leaders.
• However, in Rome too only free adult males were considered citizens.
• The republican government of Rome consisted of a Senate that had two assemblies.
• The Senate was the most powerful form of government and had Senators who only came from the group of land-owning aristocrats called Patricians.
• The Senators elected two consuls who would take care of the daily management of the government and the Army. • These consuls were similar to the President, but had a service term of only one year.
• Some of the most important Roman laws that have influenced modern day democracies include:
  • All citizens were considered equal and had the right to equal treatment
  • A citizen would be considered innocent until proven guilty-This influenced the judicial system of the USA.
  • The onus of producing proof rests on the shoulders of the accuser than the accused.
  • Any law that seemed unfair could be set aside.

Problems arose in Rome due to the difference in power in the two assemblies. The lower assembly consisting of the Plebeians did not have much power and had to depend on the Patricians to make any changes.

Attempts to reform Roman laws later ended in the Civil Wars. The Republican form of government that had developed over the years gave into the victory of Monarchy. However, the end of the Pax Romana marked the end of democracy in Rome.

The post Romans Responsible for Politics and Democracy appeared first on Saralstudy.com.