Parthenocarpy and apomixis have been observed in some plants. Give an example of each. State a similarity and a difference observed between the two processes.
Example:
Parthenocarpy : Banana, Grapes
Apomixis : Asteraceae, Grasses
Similarity:
In both the processes fertilisation is not required of the female gametes by male gametes.
Difference:
Parthenocarpy | Apomixis |
Fruits develop without fertilisation | Seeds development is withouth fertilisation |
Application of growth hormones so such fruits are seedless | it is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. |
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Humans reproduce __________. (asexually/sexually)
(b) Humans are__________. (oviparous/viviparous/ovoviviparous)
(c) Fertilization is __________ in humans. (external/internal)
(d) Male and female gametes are __________. (diploid/haploid)
(e) Zygote is __________. (diploid/haploid)
(f) The process of release of the ovum from a mature follicle is called__________.
(g) Ovulation is induced by a hormone called the __________.
(h) The fusion of male and female gametes is called _____________.
(i) Fertilisation takes place in _____________.
(j) Zygote divides to form _____________which is implanted in uterus.
(k) The structure which provides vascular connection between fetus and uterus is called ____________.
Explain the following terms with example
(a) Co-dominance
(b) Incomplete dominance