Question 9: Differentiate between the following:-
(i)red algae and brown algae
(ii) liverworts and moss
(iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
(iv) syngamy and triple fusion
Answer:
(i) Red algae and brown algae
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Red algae
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Brown algae
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1.
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Red algae are grouped under the class Rhodophyceae.
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1.
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Brown algae are grouped under the class Phaeophyceae.
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2.
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They contain floridean starch as stored food.
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2.
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They contain mannitol or laminarin as stored food.
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3.
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They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and d, and phycoerythrin.
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3.
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They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and c, and fucoxanthin.
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4.
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Their cell walls are composed of cellulose, pectin, and phycocolloids.
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4.
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Their cell walls are composed of cellulose and algin.
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5.
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Flagella are absent
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5.
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Two flagella are present
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(ii) Liverworts and moss
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Liverworts
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Moss
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1.
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They have unicellular rhizoids.
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1.
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They have multicellular rhizoids.
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2.
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Scales are present very often
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2.
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Scales are absent
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3.
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They are generally thalloid, with dichotomous branching.
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3.
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They are foliage, with lateral branching.
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4.
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Gemma cups are present
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4.
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Gemma cups are absent
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5.
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Sporophyte has very little photosynthetic tissue
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5.
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Sporophyte has abundant photosynthetic tissue
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(iii) Homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte
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Homosporous pteridophytes
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Heterosporous pteridophytes
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1.
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They bear spores that are of the same type.
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1.
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They bear two kinds of spores – microspores and megaspores.
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2.
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They produce bisexual gametophytes.
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2.
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They produce unisexual gametophytes.
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(iv) Syngamy and triple fusion
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Syngamy
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Triple fusion
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1.
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It is the process of fusion of the male gamete with the egg in an angiosperm.
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1.
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It is the process of fusion of the male gamete with the diploid secondary nucleus in an angiosperm.
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2.
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A diploid zygote is formed as a result of syngamy.
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2.
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A triploid primary endosperm is formed as a result of triple fusion.
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