Identify the challenges to democracy in the following descriptions. Also suggest policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in the given situations:
* Following a High Court directive a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for dalits and non-dalits allowed entry for all from the same door.
* A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India.
* Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.
a) In this case people were distincted on the basis of their caste. In a democracy all citizen are equal irrespective of their caste, creed, religion or economic status. So the democratic government had the challenge of unfair distinction against the dalits and make a law to set things alright.
b) In this case the government has failed to implement poverty reduction programmes and the comfort of the oppressed has been ignored. It was poverty and the powerlessness to pay back the loans sustained that made the farmers attempt this desperate act of suicide. The challenge faced by the government is to strengthen local administrations and ensure that the programmes initiated for the poor are implemented properly and that corruption and negligence does not become difficult for the citizen.
c) This situation states that the government has failed to give security for its citizens. In a democracy the government has to answer to its citizens as it is a illustrative form of government .The challenge the government faces is to bring justice to the common man. The faith of the people should be restored and the guilty after being part of the government should be punished.
Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions:
* Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich.
* Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens.
* Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
* In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict.
What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?
How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?
Studies on political and social inequalities in democracy show that
A. democracy and development go together.
B. inequalities exist in democracies .
C. inequalities do not exist under dictatorship.
D. dictatorship is better than democracy.
In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct – democracies have successfully eliminated:
A. conflicts among people
B. economic inequalities among people
C. differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated
D. the idea of political inequality
In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out. Democracies need to ensure:
A. free and fair elections
B. dignity of the individual
C. majority rule
D. equal treatment before law
In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.
Writing your own definition of a good democracy.
What are the different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies? Give an example of each of these.
Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India:
Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?
What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
Features of a democracy.
State different forms of communal politics with one example each.
Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well?
How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.
The Mayor of Merchtem, a town near Brussels in Belgium, has defended a ban on speaking French in the town’s schools. He said that the ban would help all non¬Dutch speakers integrate in this Flemish town. Do you think that this measure is in keeping with the spirit of Belgium’s power sharing arrangements ? Give your reasons in about 50 words.
Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?
What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
Consider the following two statements on power-sharing and select the answer using codes given below:
A. Power sharing is good for democracy.
B. It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
Which of the statements are true and false?
(a) A is true but B is false
(b) Both A and B are true
(c) Both A and B are false
(d) A is false but B is true
What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party?
Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions.
Sangeeta: The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman: Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
Harish: This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List 1 | List 2 |
---|---|
1. Union of India | A. Prime Minister |
2. State | B. Sarpanch |
3. Municipal Corporation | C. Governor |
4. Gram Panchayat | D. Mayor |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(a) | D | A | B | C |
(b) | B | C | D | A |
(c) | A | C | D | B |
(d) | C | D | A | B |