Question 7: Distinguish between the following:
(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
(c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
Answer:
(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
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Aerobic respiration
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Anaerobic respiration
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1.
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It uses oxygen for deriving energy.
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1.
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It occurs in the absence of oxygen.
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2.
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It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria.
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2.
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It occurs in cytoplasm.
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3.
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The end products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water.
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3.
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The end products of fermentation are ethyl alcohol and carbon-dioxide and Lactic acid depending upon organism.
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4.
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Complete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place.
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4.
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Incomplete oxidation of respiratory substrate takes place.
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5.
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36-38 ATP molecules are produced.
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5.
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Only 2 ATP molecules are produced.
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(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
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Glycolysis
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Fermentation
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1.
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Glycolysis is a common process during aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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1.
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Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration.
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2.
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Pyruvic acid is produced as its end product.
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2.
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Ethanol or lactic acid is produced as its end product.
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(c) Glycolysis and citric acid cycle
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Glycolysis
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Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
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1.
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It is a linear pathway.
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1.
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It is a cyclic pathway.
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2.
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It occurs in the cell cytoplasm.
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2.
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It occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.
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3.
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It occurs in both aerobic as well as in anaerobic respiration.
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3.
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It occurs in aerobic respiration only.
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4.
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One glucose molecule breaks down to generate 2 NADH+H+ and 2 ATP molecules.
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4.
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It produces 6 NADH+H+, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP molecules on breakdown of two acetyl-coA molecules generated after glycolysis of are glucose molecule.
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