Explain through a diagram the effect of | Class 12 Micro Economics Chapter Market Equilibrium, Market Equilibrium NCERT Solutions

Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Micro Economics - Chapter Market Equilibrium. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Exercise 1, Question 15: . With detailed answers and explanations for each chapter, students can strengthen their understanding and prepare confidently for exams. Ideal for CBSE and other board students, this resource will simplify your study experience.

Question 15:

Explain through a diagram the effect of a rightward shift of both the demand and supply curves on equilibrium price and quantity.

Answer:

(a) When demand and supply increase in the same proportion: E1 is the initial equilibrium with equilibrium price P1 and equilibrium output q1.Now, let us suppose that the demand increases to D2D2 and the supply increase to S2S2 by the same proportion. The new demand and new supply curve intersect at E2, which is the new equilibrium, with a new equilibrium output q2, but the same equilibrium price P1. Thus, an increase in the demand and the supply by the same proportion leaves the equilibrium price unchanged.

(b) When demand increases more than the increase in supply: The original demand and supply curves intersect each other at E1with initial equilibrium price P1 and initial equilibrium output q1. Now, let us suppose that the demand increases and thereby the demand curve shifts to D2D2; the supply curve also shifts rightwards to S2 S2 . However, the increase in supply is less than the increase in demand. The new supply curve and the new demand curve demand curve intersect each other at point E2 with higher equilibrium price P2 and higher equilibrium output q2.

(c) When the increase in demand is less than the increase in supply: Let the initial equilibrium be at E1with the equilibrium price P1 and equilibrium output 1q. Now, let us suppose that the demand increases to D2D2 and the supply increases to S2S2 ; where the increase in supply is more than that of demand. The new demand curve D2D2 and the new supply curve S2S2 intersect at E2. Thus, the greater increase in supply curve as compared to the demand curve will lead the equilibrium price to fall and equilibrium output to rise.

Other Questions of Chapter Market Equilibrium

When do we say that there is an excess supply for a commodity in the market?

Using supply and demand curves show how an increase in the price of shoes affects the price of a pair of socks and the number of pairs of socks bought and sold.

Explain market equilibrium.

In what respect do the supply and demand curves in the labor market differ from those in the goods market?

A shift in demand curve has a larger effect on price and smaller effect on quantity when the number of firms is fixed compared to the situation when free entry and exits is permitted. Explain.

Can you think of any commodity on which the price ceiling is imposed in India? What may be the consequence of price-ceiling?

At what level of price do the firms in a perfectly competitive market supply when free entry and exit is allowed in the market? How is the equilibrium quantity determined in such a market?

Compare the effect of shift in the demand curve on the equilibrium when the number of firms in the market is fixed with the situation when entry-exit is permitted.

Suppose the demand and supply curve of commodity XX in a perfectly competitive market are given by:

qD =700 - p

qs = 500 + 3p for p ≥ 15

= 0 or 0 ≤ p <15

Assume that the market consists of identical firms. Identify the reason behind the market supply of commodity X being zero at any price less than Rs 15. What will be the equilibrium price for this commodity? At equilibrium, what quantity of X will be produced?

Suppose the demand and supply curves of salt are given by:

(a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity.

(b) Now, suppose that the price of an input that used to produce salt has increased so, that the new supply curve is qs = 400 + 3p

How does the equilibrium price and quantity change? Does the change conform to your expectation?

(a) Suppose the government has imposed at ax of Rs 3 per unit of sale on salt. How does it affect the equilibrium rice quantity?

Popular questions of class 12 Micro Economics

The market price of a good changes from Rs 5 to Rs 20. As a result, the quantity supplied by a firm increases by 15 units. The price elasticity of the firm’s supply curve is 0.5. Find the initial and final output levels of the firm.

A firm earns a revenue of Rs 50 when the market price of a good is Rs 10. The market price increases to Rs 15 and the firm now earns a revenue of Rs 150. What is the price elasticity of the firm’s supply curve?

How does the imposition of a unit tax affect the supply curve of a firm?

What is the supply curve of a firm in the long run?

Distinguish between a centrally planned economy and a market economy.

A consumer wants to consume two goods. The prices of the two goods are Rs 4
and Rs 5 respectively. The consumer’s income is Rs 20.
(i) Write down the equation of the budget line.
(ii) How much of good 1 can the consumer consume if she spends her entire
income on that good?
(iii) How much of good 2 can she consume if she spends her entire income on
that good?
(iv) What is the slope of the budget line?
Questions 5, 6 and 7 are related to question 4.

Suppose your friend is indifferent to the bundles (5, 6) and (6, 6). Are the preferences of your friend monotonic?

What is the total product of input?

What is budget line?

Suppose there are 20 consumers for a good and they have identical demand functions:

d(p)=10–3pd(p)=10–3p for any price less than or equal to 103103 and d1(p)=0d1(p)=0 at any price greater than 103.

Recently Viewed Questions of Class 12 Micro Economics

What are the total fixed cost, total variable cost and total cost of a firm? How are they related?

What is the ‘price line’?

What does the price elasticity of supply mean? How do we measure it?

What is a production possibility frontier?

Distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics.

What do you understand by normative economic analysis?

What do you understand by positive economic analysis?

What do you mean by the production possibilities of an economy?

What do the short-run marginal cost, average variable cost and short-run average cost curves look like?

How does the budget line change if the price of good 2 decreases by a rupee
but the price of good 1 and the consumer’s income remain unchanged?

Study Tips for Answering NCERT Questions:

NCERT questions are designed to test your understanding of the concepts and theories discussed in the chapter. Here are some tips to help you answer NCERT questions effectively:

Read the question carefully and focus on the core concept being asked.
Reference examples and data from the chapter when answering questions about Market Equilibrium.
Review previous year question papers to get an idea of how such questions may be framed in exams.
Practice answering questions within the time limit to improve your speed and accuracy.
Discuss your answers with your teachers or peers to get feedback and improve your understanding.

Latest Blog Posts

Stay updated with our latest educational content and study tips

The Role of Parents in Digital Literacy – Guiding Kids for a Smarter Online Future

Kids today are surrounded by screens from the moment they wake up . Whether it’s smart classrooms, online lessons or video games with friends technology has quietly become a part of everything they do. It’s amazing how much they can learn, explore and create with just a tap or a click. But it also brings […]

How to Recognize and Prevent Online Scams Targeting Kids

The internet is full of entertaining apps, games and movies for kids of all ages. However not everything online is safe. Hidden among these entertaining platforms are internet frauds that target children with phony gifts, free game currencies or friendly looking people. As a parent, you may believe that scammers only target adults; yet children […]

How to Talk to Kids About Screen Time rules Without Conflict

Did you know? The average teenager spends 7 – 8 hours daily on screens . That’s almost like working a full – time job in front of a screen – except kids aren’t earning a paycheck; instead they’re often trading sleep, focus and health for digital time. In today’s world, screens are everywhere – TV, […]

10 Online Safety Rules Every Parent Should Teach Their Kids

Children are spending more time online than ever before in today’s digital world. The internet provides enjoyment and knowledge through social media and online education, but it also has unspoken risks. Parents frequently worry about harmful information, internet predators and cyberbullying. The good news is that most problems can be avoided by teaching children basic […]

View All Blog Posts