Question 12: Discuss with your teacher and find out how to distinguish between
(a) Plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA
(b) RNA and DNA
(c) Exonuclease and Endonuclease
Answer:
(a) Plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA
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Plasmid DNA
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Chromosomal DNA
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Plasmid DNA is an extra-chromosomal DNA molecule in bacteria that is capable of replicating, independent of chromosomal DNA.
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Chromosomal DNA is the entire DNA of an organism present inside chromosomes.
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(b) RNA and DNA
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RNA
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DNA
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1.
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RNA is a single stranded molecule.
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DNA is a double stranded molecule.
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2.
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It contains ribose sugar.
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It contains deoxyribose sugar.
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3.
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The pyrimidines in RNA are adenine and uracil.
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The pyrimidines in DNA are adenine and thymine.
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4
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RNA cannot replicate itself.
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DNA molecules have the ability to replicate.
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5
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It is a component of the ribosomes.
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It is a component of the chromosomes.
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(c) Exonuclease and Endonuclease
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Exonuclease
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Endonuclease
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It is a type of restriction enzyme that removes the nucleotide from 5’ or 3’ ends of the DNA molecule.
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It is a type of restriction enzyme that makes a cut within the DNA at a specific site to generate sticky ends.
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