Question 2: Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What are tectonic plates?
(ii) Which continents of today were part of the Gondwana land?
(iii) What is the bhabar?
(iv) Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
(v) Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges?
(vi) Name the island group of India having coral origin.
Answer:
(i) Due to internal heat of the earth, the currents of the semi- molten rocks starts to move towards the crust and crush it apart dividing it into the larger fragments which is known as lithospheric or tectonic plates. There are seven such major plates namely, South America, North America, Pacific, Indo–Australian, Eurasian, African and Antarctic.
(ii) Gondwana land is the name which is given to the hypothetical ‘super- continent’ that is located in Southern hemisphere. It include South America, some part of Africa (south Africa including Madagascar), part of Asia (India, Arabia, Malaya), Australia and Antarctica, prior to its break- up under forces causing the continental-drift.
(iii) The ‘Bhabar’ is that narrow belt of the plain that is covered with the pebbles and lies along the foothills of the Shiwaliks from Indus river to the Teesta. This belt is laid down by numerous streams descending down the hills.
(iv) The great or the inner Himalayas or the himadri the middle Himalayas or the himachal and outer himalayas or the shivaliks.
(v) The Malwa plateau ranges between the aravali and the vindhya ranges.
(vi) Lakshdweep islands is the islands group of India which is having coral origin.
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