Arrange the following in increasing order of their basic strength:
(i) C2H5NH2, C6H5NH2, NH3, C6H5CH2NH2 and (C2H5)2NH
(ii) C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, (C2H5)3N, C6H5NH2
(iii) CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH, (CH3)3N, C6H5NH2, C6H5CH2NH2.
(i) Considering the inductive effect of alkyl groups, NH3, C2H5NH2, and (C2H5)2NH can be arranged in the increasing order of their basic strengths as:
NH3 <C2H5NH2 <(C2H5)2NH
Again, C6H5NH2 has proton acceptability less than NH3. Thus, we have:
C6H5NH2 <NH3 <C2H5NH2 <(C2H5)2NH
Due to the - I effect of C6H5 group, the electron density on the N-atom in C6H5CH2NH2 is lower than that on the N-atom in C2H5NH2, but more than that in NH3. Therefore, the given compounds can be arranged in the order of their basic strengths as:
C6H5NH2 <NH3 <C2H5NH2 C6H5CH2NH2<C2H5NH2<(C2H5)2NH
(ii) Considering the inductive effect and the steric hindrance of the alkyl groups, C2H5NH2, (C2 H5)2NH2, and their basic strengths as follows:
C2H5NH2 <(C2 H5)3N <(C2 H5)2NH
Again, due to the - R effect of C6H5 group, the electron density on the N atom in C6H5 NH2 is lower than that on the N atom in C2H5NH2. Therefore, the basicity of C6H5NH2 is lower than that of C2H5NH2. Hence, the given compounds can be arranged in the increasing order of their basic strengths as follows:
C2H5NH2 <C2 H5NH2 <(C2 H5)3N <(C2 H5)2NH
(iii) Considering the inductive effect and the steric hindrance of alkyl groups, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH, and (CH3)3N can be arranged in the increasing order of their basic strengths as:
(CH3)3N <CH3NH2 (CH3)2NH
In C6H5NH2, N is directly attached to the benzene ring. Thus, the lone pair of electrons on the N - atom is delocalized over the benzene ring. In C6H5CH2NH2, N is not directly attached to the benzene ring. Thus, its lone pair is not delocalized over the benzene ring. Therefore, the electrons on the N atom are more easily available for protonation in C6H5CH2NH2 than in C6H5NH2 i.e., C6H5CH2 NH2 is more basic than C6H5NH2.
Again, due to the - I effect of C6H5 group, the electron density on the N - atom in C6H5CH2NH2 is lower than that on the N - atom in (CH3)3N. Therefore, (CH3)3N is more basic than C6H5CH2NH2. Thus, the given compounds can be arranged in the increasing order of their basic strengths as follows.
C6H5NH2 <C6H5CH2NH2 <(CH3)3N <CH3NH2 <(CH3)2NH
Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Propanal and Propanone
(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one
(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
(vii) Ethanal and Propanal
How the following conversions can be carried out?
(i) Propene to propan-1-ol
(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
Henry's law constant for CO2 in water is 1.67 x 108Pa at 298 K. Calculate the quantity of CO2in 500 mL of soda water when packed under 2.5 atm CO2 pressure at 298 K.
A solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% w/w, what would be the molality and mole fraction of each component in the solution? If the density of solution is 1.2 g mL-1, then what shall be the molarity of the solution?
Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride.
The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B are 450 and 700 mm Hg respectively, at 350 K. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is 600 mm Hg. Also find the composition of the vapour phase.
A 5% solution (by mass) of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K. Calculate the freezing point of 5% glucose in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
H2S, a toxic gas with rotten egg like smell, is used for the qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H2S in water at STP is 0.195 m, calculate Henry's law constant.
Calculate the mass of a non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g mol-1) which should be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.
Calculate the mass of urea (NH2CONH2) required in making 2.5 kg of 0.25 molal aqueous solution.
What is meant by stability of a coordination compound in solution? State the factors which govern stability of complexes.
Why is BiH3 the strongest reducing agent amongst all the hydrides of Group 15 elements?
Ortho and para nitrophenols are more acidic than phenol. Draw the resonance structures of the corresponding phenoxide ions.
In what way is the electronic configuration of the transition elements different from that of the non-transition elements?
Vapour pressure of water at 293 Kis 17.535 mm Hg. Calculate the vapour pressure of water at 293 Kwhen 25 g of glucose is dissolved in 450 g of water.
A solution of Ni(NO3)2 is electrolysed between platinum electrodes using a current of 5 amperes for 20 minutes. What mass of Ni is deposited at the cathode?
How are the following conversions carried out?
(i) Propene → Propan-2-ol
(ii) Benzyl chloride → Benzyl alcohol
(iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride → Propan-1-ol.
(iv) Methyl magnesium bromide → 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.
The conversion of molecules X to Y follows second order kinetics. If concentration of X is increased to three times how will it affect the rate of formation of Y?
How will you convert?
(i) Benzene into aniline
(ii) Benzene into N, N-dimethylaniline
(iii) Cl-(CH2)4-Cl into hexan-1, 6-diamine?
Write structures of the products of the following reactions:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
The answers of (I)st and (ii)nd are wrong apart from the (iii)rd one. Kindly update the answers with the correct order
Recheck your answers plz...