Fill in the chart given below with the terms: hunter- gatherers, farmers, traders, crafts persons, herders.

Why do you think ordinary men and women did not generally keep records of what they did?

Read the story on page 122. In what ways is the monkey king similar to or different from the kings you read about in Chapters 5 and 10?

What kind of evidence from burials do archaeologists use to find out whether there were social differences amongst those who were buried?

What were the new administrative arrangements during this period?

Match the following:

Narmada Valley                       The first big kingdom
Magadha                                 Hunting and gathering
Garo                                        hills Cities about 2500 years ago
Indus and its tributaries           Early agriculture
Ganga Valley                          The first cities

What changes do you find in the army at this time?

What were the means adopted by Ashoka to spread the message of dhamma?

What were the problems that Ashoka wanted to solve by introducing dhamma?

Describe the functions of the gramabhojaka. Why do you think he was powerful?

Why did kings want to control the Silk Route?

Make a list of what the Harappans ate, and put a tick mark against the things you eat today.

Mention three authors who wrote about Harshavardhana.

Why do you think Anagha’s mother wanted her to know the story of the Buddha?

What were the main teachings of the Mahavira?

List one major difference between manuscripts and inscriptions.

In what ways are present-day elections different from the ways in which rulers were chosen in janapadas?

What were the new administrative arrangements during this period?

Do you think ordinary people would have read and understood the prashastis? Give reasons for your answer.

What kinds of evidence do historians use to find out about trade and trade routes?

Why did the rajas of mahajanapadas build forts?