How do historians divide the past into periods? Do they face any problems in doing so?
Historians splits the past into different periods on the basis of continuity as well as economic and social factors to featurise the major elements of various different moments of the past. This continuity is based on- coins, inscriptions, architecture , textual records etc.
- The historians faced various problems because time itself reflects changes in the social and economic, organization, in the persistence and transformation of ideas and beliefs too.
- Therefore, describing the entire period as one historical unit is not without having any problems.
- Modernity also carries a sense of material progress and intellectual advancement. But they had to face the troubles in doing so as discontinuity did exist. Textual records increased heavily.
What are the difficulties historians face in using manuscripts?
What changes took place in varna-based society?
In what ways has the meaning of the term “Hindustan” changed over the centuries?
Do you think merchants and bankers today have the kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century?
What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position?
How were the Sikhs organised in the eighteenth century?
What was the impact of the Mongol invasions on the Delhi Sultanate?
How was the administration of the Ahom state organised?
Why do you think many teachers rejected prevalent religious beliefs and practices?
Why do you think towns grew around temples?
In whose reign did the Sultanate reach its farthest extent?
Describe the beliefs and practices of the Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis.
From which country did Ibn Battuta travel to India?
Why do we know much more about the cultural practices of rulers than about those of ordinary people?
Which ruler first established his or her capital at Delhi?
How did the Rashtrakutas become powerful?
Why do you think towns grew around temples?
What role did the Yamuna play in the layout of the new Mughal city at Shahjahanabad?
Like the Mughal Empire, India today is also made up of many social and cultural units. Does this pose a challenge to national integration?
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the ____________________.
(b) Umara and jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal __________________.
(c) Asaf Jah founded the Hyderabad state in _____________________.
(d) The founder of the Awadh state was ______________________.