Class 12th Chemistry 2017 Set3 Delhi Board Paper Solution
What happens when PCl5 is heated?
Phosphorus forms two type of halides i.e phosphorus trihalides (PCl3) and phosphorus pentahalide PCl5. In PCl5 phosphorus undergoes sp3 d hybridization and has trigonal bipyramidal structure .It has three equatorial P-Cl bonds and two axial P-Cl bonds which are different. The axial bonds(219pm) are larger than equatorial bonds(204pm). PCl5 is thermally less stable than PCl3.On heating it sublimes but decomposes on stronger heating into trichloride and chlorine.The reaction involved is as under:
heat
PCL5 → PCL3 + CL2
It is a reversible reaction,in which PCl3 combines with Cl2 to form PCl5.
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How the following conversions can be carried out?
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(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
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Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
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Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides:
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