An element has atomic mass 93 g mol− 1 and density 11.5 gcm− 3 . If the edge length of its unit cell is 300 pm, identify the type of unit cell.
d = 11.5 gcm− 3
edge length (a) = 300 pm
atomic mass (M) = 93 g mol− 1
d = Zm / a3 x Na
11.5 = Z x 93 / (300x10-10 cm) 3 x 6.022 x 1023
Z = 11.5 x 27x 10-24 x 6.022 x 1023 / 93
Z = 2.009 = 2
It is body centric cubic unit cell.
How the following conversions can be carried out?
(i) Propene to propan-1-ol
(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide
(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide
Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Propanal and Propanone
(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone
(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid
(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one
(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
(vii) Ethanal and Propanal
A 5% solution (by mass) of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K. Calculate the freezing point of 5% glucose in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.
A solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% w/w, what would be the molality and mole fraction of each component in the solution? If the density of solution is 1.2 g mL-1, then what shall be the molarity of the solution?
Henry's law constant for CO2 in water is 1.67 x 108Pa at 298 K. Calculate the quantity of CO2in 500 mL of soda water when packed under 2.5 atm CO2 pressure at 298 K.
Calculate the mass of a non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g mol-1) which should be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.
The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B are 450 and 700 mm Hg respectively, at 350 K. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is 600 mm Hg. Also find the composition of the vapour phase.
Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride.
How many mL of 0.1 M HCl are required to react completely with 1 g mixture of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 containing equimolar amounts of both?
If NaCl is doped with 10-3mol % of SrCl2, what is the concentration of cation vacancies?
Calculate the potential of hydrogen electrode in contact with a solution whose pH is 10.
For the decomposition of azoisopropane to hexane and nitrogen at 543 K, the following data are obtained.
t (sec) | P(mm of Hg) |
0 | 35.0 |
360 | 54.0 |
720 | 63.0 |
Calculate the rate constant
Low level of noradrenaline is the cause of depression. What type of drugs are needed to cure this problem ? Name two drugs.
The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of SO2Cl2at a constant volume.
SO2Cl2(g) → SO2(g) + Cl2(g)
Experiment |
Time/s - 1 |
Total pressure/atm |
1 | 0 | 0.5 |
2 | 100 | 0.6 |
Calculate the rate of the reaction when total pressure is 0.65 atm.
Show how each of the following compounds can be converted to benzoic acid.
(i) Ethylbenzene (ii) Acetophenone
(iii) Bromobenzene (iv) Phenylethene (Styrene)
Explain why
(i) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride?
(ii) alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water?
(iii) Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?
Why is BiH3 the strongest reducing agent amongst all the hydrides of Group 15 elements?
Explain the cleansing action of soaps.
Giving examples, differentiate between 'roasting' and 'calcination'.
What is demulsification? Name two demulsifiers.