Class 12th Chemistry 2017 Set3 Delhi Board Paper Solution

Question 13

Define the following:

Anionic detergents

Answer

These are sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohols or hydrocarbons. Alkyl hydrogen sulphates formed by treating long chain alcohols with conc.H2 SO4 are neutralised with alkali to form anionic detergents.

These are called anionic because a large part of their molecules are anions.

These are of Two types:

1. Sodium alkyl sulphates : Sodium lauryl  sulphate - C17H23CH2OSO3Na.

2. Sodium alkyl benzene sulphonates : 

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