Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties NCERT Solutions | What are the major differences between m
What are the major differences between metals and non-metals?
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METALS |
NON METALS |
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Metals can lose electrons easily. |
Non-metals cannot lose electrons easily |
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Metals are solids at room ( Exceptions – Hg, Ga ). |
temperature Non – metals may be solids, liquids or gases at room temperature |
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Metals generally form ionic compounds. |
Non–metals generally form covalent compounds. |
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Metals have low ionization enthalpies. |
Non–metals have high ionization enthalpies. |
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Metals are less electronegative. They are rather electropositive elements. |
Non–metals are electronegative. |
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Metals have a high reducing power. |
Non–metals have a low reducing power |
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Metals have luster. They reflect light from polished or freshly cut surface |
Non-metals do not have luster.( Exceptions – Diamond and Iodine ) |
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Metals generally have high density |
Non-metals generally have low density |
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They are good conductors of heat and and electricity.
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They are usually bad conductors of heat electricity. (exception – carbon in the form of gas carbon and graphite ) |
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Metals are malleable and ductile. They can be beaten into sheets and drawn into wires. |
Non-metals are not malleable and ductile They are brittle when solid.They can be crushed into powder |
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They have a three dimensional crystal structure with metallic bonds |
They have different types of structures with covalent and van-der-Walls’ bonds |
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Metals usually have high tensile Strength |
Non- metals usually have low tensile strength |
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Metals generally have 1 to 3 electrons in outermost shell of their atoms |
Non-metals generally have 4 to 8 in their outermost shell of the atom |
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They generally form basic oxides. |
They generally form acidic oxides |
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They act as reducing agents |
They act as oxidizing agents. |
More Questions From Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
- Q:-
Write the general outer electronic configuration of s-, p-, d- and f- block elements.
- Q:-
Considering the elements B, Al, Mg, and K, the correct order of their metallic character is:
(a) B > Al > Mg > K
(b) Al > Mg > B > K
(c) Mg > Al > K > B
(d) K > Mg > Al > B - Q:-
What is the basic difference between the terms electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity?
- Q:-
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with each of the following atoms or ions.
(i) F–
(ii) Ar
(iii) Mg2+
(iv) Rb+
- Q:-
Considering the elements B, C, N, F, and Si, the correct order of their non-metallic character is:
(a) B > C > Si > N > F
b) Si > C > B > N > F
(c) F > N > C > B > Si
d) F > N > C > Si > B - Q:-
Assign the position of the element having outer electronic configuration
(i) ns2 np4 for n = 3 (ii) (n - 1)d2 ns2 for n = 4, and (iii) (n - 2) f7 (n - 1)d1 ns2 for n = 6, in the periodic table.
- Q:-
How does atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?
- Q:-
Use the periodic table to answer the following questions.
(a) Identify an element with five electrons in the outer subshell.
(b) Identify an element that would tend to lose two electrons.
(c) Identify an element that would tend to gain two electrons.
(d) Identify the group having metal, non-metal, liquid as well as gas at the room temperature. - Q:-
Considering the elements F, Cl, O and N, the correct order of their chemical reactivity in terms of oxidizing property is:
(a) F > Cl > O > N
(b) F > O > Cl > N
(c) Cl > F > O > N
(d) O > F > N > Cl - Q:-
On the basis of quantum numbers, justify that the sixth period of the periodic table should have 32 elements.
Popular Questions of Class 11 Chemistry
- Q:-
How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?
- Q:-
What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?
(i) CH2=C=O,
(ii) CH3CH=CH2,
(iii) (CH3)2CO,
(iv) CH2=CHCN,
(v) C6H6
- Q:-
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
- Q:-
What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?
- Q:-
Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H2O
(ii) CO2
(iii) CH4 - Q:-
Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:
(a) NaH2PO4
(b) NaHSO4
(c) H4P2O7
(d) K2MnO4
(e) CaO2
(f) NaBH4
(g) H2S2O7
(h) KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O
- Q:-
Explain the formation of a chemical bond.
- Q:-
Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only. - Q:-
A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure? - Q:-
Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 11 Chemistry
- Q:-
The longest wavelength doublet absorption transition is observed at 589 and 589.6 nm. Calculate the frequency of each transition and energy difference between two excited states.
- Q:-
Indicate the σ and π bonds in the following molecules :
(i) C6H6,
(ii) C6H12,
(iii) CH2Cl2,
(iv) CH2=C=CH2,
(v) CH3NO2,
(vi) HCONHCH3
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Using the equation of state pV = nRT; show that at a given temperature density of a gas is proportional to gas pressurep.
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In what ways lithium shows similarities to magnesium in its chemical behaviour?
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Write chemical equations for combustion reaction of the following hydrocarbons:
(i) Butane
(ii) Pentene
(iii) Hexyne
(iv) Toluene
- Q:-
The reaction:
CH3CH2I + KOH(aq) → CH3CH2OH + KI
is classified as :
(a) electrophilic substitution
(b) nucleophilic substitution
(c) elimination
(d) addition
- Q:-
Give condensed and bond line structural formulas and identify the functional group(s) present, if any, for :
(a) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
(b) 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
(c) Hexanedial
- Q:-
What is the number of photons of light with a wavelength of 4000 pm that provide 1 J of energy?
- Q:-
Whenever a reaction between an oxidising agent and a reducing agent is carried out, a compound of lower oxidation state is formed if the reducing agent is in excess and a compound of higher oxidation state is formed if the oxidising agent is in excess. Justify this statement giving three illustrations.
- Q:-
Balance the following redox reactions by ion – electron method :
(a) MnO4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO2 (s) + I2(s) (in basic medium)
(b) MnO4 – (aq) + SO2 (g) → Mn2+ (aq) + HSO4– (aq) (in acidic solution)
(c) H2O2 (aq) + Fe 2+ (aq) → Fe3+ (aq) + H2O (l) (in acidic solution)
(d) Cr2O7 2– + SO2(g) → Cr3+ (aq) + SO42– (aq) (in acidic solution)
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