The rate of a reaction quadruples when the temperature changes from 293 K to 313 K. Calculate the energy of activation of the reaction assuming that it does not change with temperature.

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

(i) Propanal and Propanone

(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(vii) Ethanal and Propanal

Henry's law constant for CO₂ in water is 1.67 x 10⁸Pa at 298 K. Calculate the quantity of CO₂in 500 mL of soda water when packed under 2.5 atm CO₂ pressure at 298 K.

How the following conversions can be carried out?

(i) Propene to propan-1-ol

(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne

(iii) 1-Bromopropane to 2-bromopropane

(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol

(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene

(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid

(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile

(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene

(ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane

(x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane

(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid

(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodide

(xiii) 2-Chloropropane to 1-propanol

(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform

(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol

(xvi) 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane

(xvii) Chloroethane to butane

(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl

(xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide

(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide

Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride.

A solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% w/w, what would be the molality and mole fraction of each component in the solution? If the density of solution is 1.2 g mL^-1, then what shall be the molarity of the solution?

The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B are 450 and 700 mm Hg respectively, at 350 K. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is 600 mm Hg. Also find the composition of the vapour phase.

H₂S, a toxic gas with rotten egg like smell, is used for the qualitative analysis. If the solubility of H₂S in water at STP is 0.195 m, calculate Henry's law constant.

A 5% solution (by mass) of cane sugar in water has freezing point of 271 K. Calculate the freezing point of 5% glucose in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K.

Calculate the mass of urea (NH₂CONH₂) required in making 2.5 kg of 0.25 molal aqueous solution.

Calculate the mass of a non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g mol^-1) which should be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.

What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by:

(i) ZnS

(ii) AgBr

What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example.

Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides:

(i) (CH₃)₂CHCH(Cl)CH₃

(ii) CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)CH(C₂H₅)Cl

(iii) CH₃CH₂C(CH₃)₂CH₂I

(iv) (CH₃)₃CCH₂CH(Br)C₆H₅

(v) CH₃CH(CH₃)CH(Br)CH₃

(vi) CH₃C(C₂H₅)₂CH₂Br

(vii) CH₃C(Cl)(C₂H₅)CH₂CH₃

(viii) CH₃CH=C(Cl)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

(ix) CH₃CH=CHC(Br)(CH₃)₂

(x) p-ClC₆H₄CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

(xi) m-ClCH₂C₆H₄CH₂C(CH₃)₃

(xii) o-Br-C₆H₄CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃

Which acid of each pair shown here would you expect to be stronger?

(i) CH₃CO₂H or CH₂FCO₂H

(ii)CH₂FCO₂H or CH₂ClCO₂H

(iii) CH₂FCH₂CH₂CO₂H or CH₃CHFCH₂CO₂H

(iv)

An element with molar mass 2.7 x 10^-2kg mol^-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. If its density is 2.7 x 10³ kg m^-3, what is the nature of the cubic unit cell?

Silver crystallises in fcc lattice. If edge length of the cell is 4.07 x 10^-8cm and density is 10.5 g cm^-3, calculate the atomic mass of silver.

Explain what is observed

(i) When a beam of light is passed through a colloidal sol.

(ii) An electrolyte, NaCl is added to hydrated ferric oxide sol.

(iii) Electric current is passed through a colloidal sol?

Write the isomers of the compound having formula C₄H₉Br.

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

(i) Propanal and Propanone

(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(vii) Ethanal and Propanal

The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in the presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are major products. Explain.