Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-619?
ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
i) In India, the land is primarily used for agriculture, forest, grazing and other activities like housing, roads and industries. Waste land includes rocky, arid and desert areas. The pattern of the net sown area varies from one state to another state depending upon the climate and soil types. According to the recent data, about 54% of the total land area is cultivable or fallow about 80% of the total area in Punjab and Haryana is used for cultivation while in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman Nicobar Islands, It is even less than 10%, forest is covered in India is about 22%.
The increased use of land for agricultural activities industrialisation, urbanisation and improper uses of forest land has degraded the available land area and has made conservation of forest difficult. Increasing population and subsequent increase in demand for resources resulted in the degradation of forest The land under forest has increased by only about 4% since 1960-61.
ii) Various factors are responsible for technical and economic development leading to more consumption of resources.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
(i) Natural endowments in the form of land, water, vegetation and minerals.
(ii) A type of non-renewable resource.
(iii) Soil with high water retaining capacity.
(iv) Intensively leached soils of the monsoon climate.
(v) Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion.
(vi) The Great Plains of India are made up of these soils.
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore?
a) Renewable
b) Biotic
c) Flow
d) Non-renewable
(ii) Under which of the following type of resource tidal energy cannot be put?
a) Replenishable
b) Human-made
c) Abiotic
d) Non recyclable
iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
a) Intensive cultivation
b) Deforestation
c) Over irrigation
d) Overgrazing
(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
a) Punjab
b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
c) Haryana
d) Uttarakhand
(v) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
a) Jammu and Kashmir
b) Maharashtra
c) Rajasthan
d) Jharkhand
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
Write the answers of the following questions in 120 words.
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?
(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry?
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
a) Shifting Agriculture
b) Plantation Agriculture
c) Horticulture
d) Intensive Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Gram
c) Millets
d) Cotton
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
a) Pulses
b) Jawar
c) Millets
d) Sesamum
(iv) Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
a) Maximum support price
b) Minimum support price
c) Moderate support price
d) Influential support price
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
(a) coal (b) bauxite (c) gold (d) zinc
(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?
(a) bauxite (b) mica (c) iron ore (d) copper
(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks?
(a) sedimentary rocks (c) igneous rocks (b) metamorphic rocks (d) none of the above
(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) oil (b) uranium (c) thorium (d) coal
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.
(ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Discuss how rain water harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
(ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
(a) coal (b) bauxite (c) gold (d) zinc
(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?
(a) bauxite (b) mica (c) iron ore (d) copper
(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks?
(a) sedimentary rocks (c) igneous rocks (b) metamorphic rocks (d) none of the above
(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) oil (b) uranium (c) thorium (d) coal
(i) Natural endowments in the form of land, water, vegetation and minerals.
(ii) A type of non-renewable resource.
(iii) Soil with high water retaining capacity.
(iv) Intensively leached soils of the monsoon climate.
(v) Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion.
(vi) The Great Plains of India are made up of these soils.
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore?
a) Renewable
b) Biotic
c) Flow
d) Non-renewable
(ii) Under which of the following type of resource tidal energy cannot be put?
a) Replenishable
b) Human-made
c) Abiotic
d) Non recyclable
iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
a) Intensive cultivation
b) Deforestation
c) Over irrigation
d) Overgrazing
(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
a) Punjab
b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
c) Haryana
d) Uttarakhand
(v) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
a) Jammu and Kashmir
b) Maharashtra
c) Rajasthan
d) Jharkhand
Match the following.
Reserved Forests Protected Forests Unclassed Forests |
other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities. forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources. forest lands are Protected from any further depletion. |
Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words.
(i) What is manufacturing?
(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
(iv) What are basic industries? Give an example.
(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
(ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
(iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Q2. Match the following animals with their category of existence.
Animals/Plants | Category of existence |
---|---|
Black buck |
Extinct Rare Endangered Vulnerable Endemic |
Write the answers of the following questions in 120 words.
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?
(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry?
Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
a) Shifting Agriculture
b) Plantation Agriculture
c) Horticulture
d) Intensive Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Gram
c) Millets
d) Cotton
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
a) Pulses
b) Jawar
c) Millets
d) Sesamum
(iv) Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
a) Maximum support price
b) Minimum support price
c) Moderate support price
d) Influential support price
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.