Give an account of the Northern Plains of India.
The northern plains have been formed from the alluvium where mountain rivers have been deposited. This turned the soil into fertile surfaced land for growing a rich harvest of variety of crop which led to the development of the Indus river valley civilisation. The rich soil was further assisted by favourable climate and constant water supply from these rivers. Between the mouths of the Indus and the ganga, Brahmaputra; the north Indian plain covers the distance of 3200km. It is 300 to 150 km wide at some places. The north Indian plains contains the Indus river system in the west and the ganga Brahmaputra river system in the east. Firstly it includes Jhelum, Chenab, ravi, beas, satluj. The Indus flows into the Arabian sea; the second includes ganga, it's tributaries and the Brahmaputra that combines as meghna as they drains into the bay of Bengal. They form the world's largest and fastest growing delta. The difference in relief has led the north Indian plains to be divided into four zones:
(i) Bhabhar,
(ii) Tarai,
(iii) Bangar and,
(iv) Khaddar.
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.
Give reasons as to why.
(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India.
Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?
Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What are the controls affecting the climate of India?
(ii) Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
(iii) Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?
(iv) Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar coast?
(v) What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
(vi) Define monsoons. What do you understand by “break” in monsoon?
(vii) Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond?
Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Describe how the Himalayas were formed.
Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.
Distinguish between population growth and population change.
What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests
Distinguish between
(i) Converging and diverging tectonic plates
(ii) Bhangar and Khadar
(iii) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
Compare the east flowing and the west flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau.
Discuss the significant difference between the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers.
Give reasons as to why.
(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?
(a) Tundra (c) Himalayan
(b) Tidal (d) Tropical Evergreen
(ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm (c) 70 cm
(b) 50 cm (d) less than 50 cm
(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab (b) Delhi
(c) Odisha (d) West Bengal
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world
network of bioreserve?
(a) Manas (c) Gulf of Mannar
(b) Nilgiri (d) Nanda devi