Which of the following groups contain only biodegradable items?

(a) Grass, flowers and leather
(b) Grass, wood and plastic
(c) Fruit-peels, cake and lime-juice
(d) Cake, wood and grass

When a 12 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 2.5 mA in the circuit. Find the value of the resistance of the resistor.

Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour in dogs.

Draw the structure for the following compounds.                

       (i)    Ethanoic acid             (ii)   Bromopentane*
       (iii)  Butanone                   (iv)   Hexanal.

*Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane?

A hot plate of an electric oven connected to a 220 V line has two resistance coils A and B, each of 24 Ω resistance, which may be used separately, in series, or in parallel. What are the currents in the three cases?

How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?

(a)  What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as boron have in common?
(b)  What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as fluorine have in common?

Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.

What is an homologous series? Explain with an example.

Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits – blood group A or O – is dominant? Why or why not?

What effect does the concentration of H⁺(aq) ions have on the nature of the solution?

Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples.

Why do stars twinkle?

How is the amount of urine produced regulated?

Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas?

Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain your answer.

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.

Explain the mechanism of the cleaning action of soaps.

Explain the underlying principle and working of an electric generator by drawing a labelled diagram. What is the function of brushes?

Name two energy sources that you would consider to be renewable. Give reasons for your choices.