Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What are the controls affecting the climate of India?
(ii) Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
(iii) Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?
(iv) Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar coast?
(v) What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
(vi) Define monsoons. What do you understand by “break” in monsoon?
(vii) Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond?
1. The elements which are affecting the climate are: temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity and precipitation.
2. India comes in the inter tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) also with several other factors like the EI nino, jet stream and coriolois force are the main reasons for monsoon type of climate in India.
3. Northwestern part of india experiences the highest diurnal temperature range. This happens because of the presence of thar desert and also because this region doesn't contain the moderating influence of the ocean.
4. Malabar coast gets rains from depressions and cyclones.
5. Jet streams are high velocity westerly winds that are blowing through a narrow zone in the upper troposphere layer. The westerly flows are responsible for the western disturbances that is experienced in the north western parts of the country. The easterly jet streams cause the tropical depressions during the monsoon as well as October-november months.
6. Monsoon refers to the seasonal wind direction reversal. Monsoon break refers to the happening of wet and dry spells during the rainy season. The monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a particular time.
7. Although there are wide variations in weather patterns across India, the monsoon bring some unifying influence on India. The Indian landscape, its flora and fauna etc. are highly influenced by the monsoon. Most of the festivals in India are related to agricultural cycle.
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.
Give reasons as to why.
(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India.
Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?
Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Describe how the Himalayas were formed.
Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.
Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.
Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) Define an ecosystem.
(ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
(iii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
(iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation.
Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
Describe how the Himalayas were formed.
Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What are tectonic plates?
(ii) Which continents of today were part of the Gondwana land?
(iii) What is the bhabar?
(iv) Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
(v) Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges?
(vi) Name the island group of India having coral origin.
The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?
Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through
(a) Rajasthan (c) Chhattisgarh
(b) Orissa (d) Tripura
(ii) The easternmost longitude of India is
(a) 97° 25' E (c) 77° 6' E
(b) 68° 7' E (d) 82° 32' E
(iii) Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim have common frontiers with
(a) China (c) Nepal
(b) Bhutan (d) Myanmar
(iv) If you intend to visit Kavarati during your summer vacations, which one of the following Union Territories of India you will be going to
(a) Puducherry (c) Andaman and Nicobar
(b) Lakshadweep (d) Diu and Daman
(v) My friend hails from a country which does not share land boundary with India. Identify the country.
(a) Bhutan (c) Bangladesh
(b) Tajikistan (d) Nepal
Distinguish between population growth and population change.