Question 2

Tick the correct answer.

(a) The planet known as the “Earth’s Twin” is
(i) Jupiter (ii) Saturn (iii) Venus

(b) Which is the third nearest planet to the sun ?
(i) Venus (ii) Earth (iii) Mercury

(c) All the planets move around the sun in a
(i) Circular path (ii) Rectangular path (iii) Elongated path

(d) The Pole Star indicates the direction to the
(i) South (ii) North (iii) East

(e) Asteroids are found between the orbits of
(i) Saturn and Jupiter (ii) Mars and Jupiter (iii) The Earth and Mars

Answer

(a) Venus
Venus is called Earth’s Twin because it is similar to the earth in shape and size. Venus is also called sister of Earth. Both Earth and Venus are rocky planets. They effectively have same density and are nearly having same mass. They both have significant atmospheres, surrounding their surfaces. Venus’s radius is only a few hundred kilometers smaller than Earth.

(b) Earth
Earth is the third nearest planet to the sun and is about 150 million km away from the sun. Revolution of 365 days is taken by the earth and 24 hours to rotate around sun on its axis. Earth’s gravity is interconnected with other bodies in space, especially from the sun and the moon. The exact distance between Earth and the sun varies with its position in its elliptical orbit.

(c) Elliptical path
All the planets go around the sun in an elliptical path or an orbit. Elliptical shape does not seems to be a perfect circle but seems like an oval shape.

(d) North
Pole star is also known as North Star. The North Star always indicates the North direction. In ancient times, people used to determine directions during night with the help of stars. The position of the pole star always remains same in the night sky. We can locate the position of pole star with the help of Saptarishi. If an imaginary line is drawn by joining the pointer star and extended further, it will point to the pole star.

(e) Mars and Jupiter
Asteroids are numerous tiny bodies which also move around the sun. Asteroid forms a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter which separates inner and outer planets. The belt formed by asteroids is known as asteroid belt. The largest asteroid is Ceres and is the first asteroid to be spotted. The brightest asteroid is Vesta and is the only asteroid that can be seen with the naked eyes. The Trojans are two small groups of asteroids that circle the sun on the same orbit as Jupiter.

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