Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms

Gurjara – praitharas                   Gujarat and rajasthan
Rashtrakutas                                 Western deccan
Palas                                                    Bengal
Cholas                                              Tamil nadu

The parties that are involved in the tripartite strugglers were the rulers that belongs to the gujara- pratihara, rashtrakuta and pala dynasties who fought to take control over the kanauj. Because there were three parties in this long drawn disputes, historians often express it as the tripartite struggle.

The qualifications are important to become a member of the committee of the sabha in the chola empire were as follows are described below:

- The member had to be an owner of land from which land revenues were collected.
- He had to have his own home.
- He had to be between 35 and 70 years of age.
- He had to have knowledge of the Vedas.
- He had to be honest and well versed in administrative matters.

Two major cities in control of the chahamanas were delhi and ajmer.

Rise of power of rajasthan
- Rashtrakutas were primarily subordinate to the chalukyas of Karnataka.
- In the mid 8th century, the chief of rashtrakuta dantidurga overthrew his chalukya overlord and performed a ritual known as hiranya – garbha that gave him the kshatriya title even if he was not one by the birth.

- When they gained power and wealth, they declared themselves as the independent from their overlords. They fought with the gurjara – pratihara and pala dynasties fought to control over the kanauj to demonstrate their power. This is how they rose to power.

To gain the acceptance of new dynasties took on new some titles, performed religious rituals such as the hiranya garbha which would make them part of the kshatriyas by using their military skills that engaged in warfare to assert their power and carve kingdoms for themselves are as follows:
- The new dynasties were based in specific regions and existing kings often admitted them as their subordinates or samantas.
- They gained power and wealth declare themselves as maha-samanta, maha mandaleshvara and so on.
- They asserted their independence from their overloads.
- They fought war with neighbourhood regions to gain the power and also buit temple to admit it.

- They performed rituals do declare themselves to be kshatriya with the help of brahmanas.

The irrigation works developed in the tamil region were as follows:
- Wells were dug in some areas and tanks were made to collect the rainwater.
- Water from the channels of kaveri river gave the necessary moisture for agriculture.
- Some areas wells were dug and in some places, huge tanks were made to collect rainwater.
- Embankments were built to prevent flooding.
- Canals were constructed to carry water to the fields.
- Forests were also being cleared. The land was stepped up, in the delta region embankments were built to prevent flooding and canals were constructed to carry water to the fields.

Chola temples often became the centre of settlements which grew around them.

- Temples were centers of craft production like making bronze images.
- Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others.
- They were not only places of worship but also were the hub of economic social and culture life as well.