Consider the following species:
N3–, O2–, F–, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+
(a) What is common in them?
(b) Arrange them in the order of increasing ionic radii.
(a) Each of the given species (ions) has the same number of electrons (10 electrons). Hence, the given species are isoelectronic, i.e
N3- has 7+3 = 10 electrons
O2- has 8+2= 10 electrons
F- has 9+1 = 10 electrons
Na+ has 11-1 = 10 electrons
Mg2+ has 12-2 = 10 electrons
Al3+ has 13-3= 10 electrons
(b) The ionic radii of isoelectronic species increases with a decrease in the magnitudes of nuclear charge.
The arrangement of the given species in order of their increasing nuclear charge is as follows:
N3– < O2– < F– < Na+ < Mg2+ < Al3+
Nuclear charge = +7 +8 +9 +11 +12 +13
Therefore, the arrangement of the given species in order of their increasing ionic radii is as follows:
Al3+ < Mg2+ < Na+ < F– < O2– < N3–
The mass of an electron is 9.1 × 10–31 kg. If its K.E. is 3.0 × 10–25 J, calculate its wavelength.
Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that could be produced when
(i) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in air.
(ii) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
(iii) 2 moles of carbon are burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
Calculate the wavelength of an electron moving with a velocity of 2.05 × 107 ms–1.
Balance the following redox reactions by ion – electron method :
(a) MnO4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO2 (s) + I2(s) (in basic medium)
(b) MnO4 – (aq) + SO2 (g) → Mn2+ (aq) + HSO4– (aq) (in acidic solution)
(c) H2O2 (aq) + Fe 2+ (aq) → Fe3+ (aq) + H2O (l) (in acidic solution)
(d) Cr2O7 2– + SO2(g) → Cr3+ (aq) + SO42– (aq) (in acidic solution)
In a process, 701 J of heat is absorbed by a system and 394 J ofwork is done by the system. What is the change in internal energy for the process?
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
In a reaction A + B2 → AB2 Identify the limiting reagent, if any, in the following reaction mixtures.
(i) 300 atoms of A + 200 molecules of B
(ii) 2 mol A + 3 mol B
(iii) 100 atoms of A + 100 molecules of B
(iv) 5 mol A + 2.5 mol B
(v) 2.5 mol A + 5 mol B
At 0°C, the density of a certain oxide of a gas at 2 bar is same as that of dinitrogen at 5 bar. What is the molecular mass of the oxide?
Which one of the following will have largest number of atoms?
(i) 1 g Au (s)
(ii) 1 g Na (s)
(iii) 1 g Li (s)
(iv) 1 g of Cl2(g)
Density of a gas is found to be 5.46 g/dm3 at 27 °C at 2 bar pressure. What will be its density at STP?
When metal X is treated with sodium hydroxide, a white precipitate (A) is obtained, which is soluble in excess of NaOH to give soluble complex (B). Compound (A) is soluble in dilute HCl to form compound (C). The compound (A) when heated strongly gives (D), which is used to extract metal. Identify (X), (A), (B), (C) and (D). Write suitable equations to support their identities.
Carbon monoxide gas is more dangerous than carbon dioxide gas. Why?
Consider the reactions :
2 S2O2– 3 (aq) + I2(s) → S4 O2– 6(aq) + 2I – (aq)
S2O2– 3(aq) + 2Br2(l) + 5 H2O(l) → 2SO2–4(aq) + 4Br–(aq) + 10H+(aq)
Why does the same reductant, thiosulphate react differently with iodine and bromine ?
The equilibrium constant for the following reaction is 1.6 ×105 at 1024K
H2(g) + Br2(g) ↔ 2HBr(g)
Find the equilibrium pressure of all gases if 10.0 bar of HBr is introduced into a sealed container at 1024K.
The type of hybridisation of boron in diborane is
(a) sp (b) sp2 (c) sp3 (d) dsp2
Given
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g) ; ΔrH0 = –92.4 kJ mol–1
What is the standard enthalpy of formation of NH3 gas?
What is the concentration of sugar (C12H22O11) in mol L–1 if its 20 g are dissolved in enough water to make a final volume up to 2 L?
Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compounds of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals.
(a) Nitrates (b) Carbonates (c) Sulphates.
Why are potassium and cesium, rather than lithium used in photoelectric cells?
At 1127 K and 1 atm pressure, a gaseous mixture of CO and CO2 in equilibrium with soild carbon has 90.55% CO by mass
C (s) + CO2 (g) ↔ 2CO (g)
Calculate Kc for this reaction at the above temperature.
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Desuss Bron-Haber cycle With respect to an ionic compound of the type mx