Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours NCERT Solutions | Mention the salient demographic indicato

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.

Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

What is meant by environment?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

Argue in favour of the need for different forms of government intervention in education and health sectors.

You are residing in a village. If you are asked to advice the village panchayat, what kinds of activities would you suggest for the improvement of your village which would also generate employment.

While subsidies encourage farmers to use new technology, they are a huge burden on government finances. Discuss the usefulness of subsidies in the light of this fact.

Explain ‘growth with equity’ as a planning objective.

The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Those public sector undertakings which are making profits should be privatised. Do you agree with this view? Why?

Explain the relevance of intergenerational equity in the definition of sustainable development.

What are the alternative channels available for agricultural marketing? Give some examples.

 Indicate the volume and direction of trade at the time of independence.

What factors contribute to human capital formation?