Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours NCERT Solutions | Why are regional and economic groupings

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Explain the Great Leap Forward campaign of China as initiated in 1958.

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector.

Comment on the growth rate trends witnessed in China and India in the last two decades.

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

Fill in the blanks

(a) First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)
(b) Maternal mortality rate is high in _____________. (China/Pakistan)
(c) Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________. (India/Pakistan)
(d) Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. (China/Pakistan)

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

What is meant by environment?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

What are the main characteristics of health of the people of our country?

What are the indicators of educational achievement in a country?

Were there any positive contributions made by the British in India? Discuss.

Victor is able to get work only for two hours in a day. Rest of the day, he is looking for work. Is he unemployed? Why? What kind of jobs could persons like Victor be doing?

How has the consumption pattern of energy changed over the years?

Who is a casual wage labourer?

Though the public sector is very essential for industries, many public sector undertakings incur huge losses and are a drain on the economy’s resources. Discuss the usefulness of public sector undertakings in the light of this fact.

Discuss the reforms which have been initiated recently to meet the energy crisis in India.

What is meant by environment?

Outline the steps involved in attaining sustainable development in India.