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Question 6

What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

Answer

Irrigation: The process of watering the crops at different intervals is called irrigation. The time and frequency of irrigation varies from crop to crop, soil to soil and seasons to seasons. Two methods of irrigation that conserve the water are as follows:

  1. Sprinkler system: This method is used in mainly uneven or irregular shape land where sufficient water is not available or shortage of water occurs. The perpendicular pipes that contains rotating nozzles on the top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure with the help of a pump then it escapes from the rotating nozzles. It gets sprinkled on the crop as like it is raining. 
  2. Drip irrigation: In this system, a network of narrow pipes or tubes is laid down in the field with small holes. When water flows through the narrow pipes, it falls drop by drop just near the roots of the plants. In this method, there is no wastage of water occurs as the water falls down drop by drop, therefore this system of irrigation is very useful in those regions where availability of water is poor. It is the best technique for watering the fruit plants, gardens and trees.

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