Which element has
(a) two shells, both of which are completely filled with electrons?
(b) the electronic configuration 2, 8, 2?
(c) a total of three shells, with four electrons in its valence shell?
(d) a total of two shells, with three electrons in its valence shell?
(e) twice as many electrons in its second shell as in its first shell?
(a) Neon has two shells, both of which are completely filled with electrons (K shell with 2 electrons and L shell with 8 electrons).
(b) Magnesium has the electronic configuration 2, 8, 2.
(c) Silicon has a total of three shells, with four electrons in its valence shell (K shell with 2 electrons, L shell with 8 electrons and M shell with 4 electrons.)
(d) Boron has a total of two shells, with three electrons in its valence shell (K shell with 2 electrons and L shell with 3 electrons).
(e) Carbon has twice as many electrons in its second shell as in its first shell (K shell with 2 electrons and L shell with 4 electrons).
When a 12 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 2.5 mA in the circuit. Find the value of the resistance of the resistor.
Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour in dogs.
Draw the structure for the following compounds.
(i) Ethanoic acid (ii) Bromopentane*
(iii) Butanone (iv) Hexanal.
*Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane?
A hot plate of an electric oven connected to a 220 V line has two resistance coils A and B, each of 24 Ω resistance, which may be used separately, in series, or in parallel. What are the currents in the three cases?
How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?
(a) What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as boron have in common?
(b) What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as fluorine have in common?
Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.
What is an homologous series? Explain with an example.
Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?
A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits – blood group A or O – is dominant? Why or why not?
Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this affect the evolution of those organisms that reproduce sexually?
Explain the formation of scum when hard water is treated with soap.
An electric lamp of 100 Ω, a toaster of resistance 50 Ω, and a water filter of resistance 500 Ω are connected in parallel to a 220 V source. What is the resistance of an electric iron connected to the same source that takes as much current as all three appliances, and what is the current through it?
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
The human eye forms the image of an object at its
(a) cornea. (b) iris. (c) pupil. (d) retina.
The essential difference between an AC generator and a DC generator is that
(a) AC generator has an electromagnet while a DC generator has permanent magnet.
(b) DC generator will generate a higher voltage.
(c) AC generator will generate a higher voltage.
(d) AC generator has slip rings while the DC generator has a commutator.
The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal vision is about
(a) 25 m. (b) 2.5 cm. (c) 25 cm. (d) 2.5 m.
Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.
Explain why the planets do not twinkle.
Why do we apply paint on iron articles?