Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter The p Block Elements NCERT Solutions | Write reactions to justify amphoteric na

What happens when

(a) Borax is heated strongly,

(b) Boric acid is added to water,

(c) Aluminium is treated with dilute NaOH,

(d) BF₃ is reacted with ammonia?

Give reasons:

(i) Conc. HNO₃ can be transported in aluminium container.

(ii) A mixture of dilute NaOH and aluminium pieces is used to open drain.

(iii) Graphite is used as lubricant.

(iv) Diamond is used as an abrasive.

(v) Aluminium alloys are used to make aircraft body.

(vi) Aluminium utensils should not be kept in water overnight.

(vii) Aluminium wire is used to make transmission cables.

Why does boron trifluoride behave as a Lewis acid?

Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of
(i) B to Tl and (ii) C to Pb.

Write balanced equations for:

(i) BF₃ + LiH →

(ii) B₂H₆ + H₂O →

(iii) NaH + B₂H₆ →

(iv) H₃BO₃ 

(v) Al + NaOH →

(vi) B₂H₆ + NH₃ →

How can you explain higher stability of BCl₃ as compared to TlCl₃?

A certain salt X, gives the following results.

(i) Its aqueous solution is alkaline to litmus.

(ii) It swells up to a glassy material Yon strong heating.

(iii) When conc. H₂SO₄ is added to a hot solution of X, white crystal of an acid Z separates out.

Write equations for all the above reactions and identify X, Y and Z.

(a) Classify following oxides as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

CO, B₂O₃, SiO₂, CO2, Al₂O₃, PbO₂, Tl₂O₃

(b) Write suitable chemical equations to show their nature.

Rationalise the given statements and give chemical reactions :

(i) Lead(II) chloride reacts with Cl₂ to give PbCl₄.

(ii) Lead(IV) chloride is highly unstable towards heat.

(iii) Lead is known not to form an iodide, PbI₄.

An aqueous solution of borax is

(a) neutral (b) amphoteric (c) basic (d) acidic

How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?

What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?

(i) CH₂=C=O,

(ii) CH₃CH=CH₂,

(iii) (CH₃)₂CO,

(iv) CH₂=CHCN,

(v) C₆H₆

What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm³ of air at 1 bar to 200 dm³ at 30°C?

What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?

Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H₂O
(ii) CO₂
(iii) CH₄

Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:

(a) NaH₂PO₄

(b) NaHSO₄

(c) H₄P₂O₇

(d) K₂MnO₄

(e) CaO₂

(f) NaBH₄

(g) H₂S₂O₇

(h) KAl(SO₄)₂.12 H₂O

What is the basic theme of organisation in the periodic table?

Explain the formation of a chemical bond.

Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only.

A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?

Following results are observed when sodium metal is irradiated with different wavelengths.

Calculate (a) threshold wavelength and, (b) Planck’s constant.

The longest wavelength doublet absorption transition is observed at 589 and 589.6 nm. Calculate the frequency of each transition and energy difference between two excited states.

What will be the pressure of the gaseous mixture when 0.5 L of H₂ at 0.8 bar and 2.0 L of dioxygen at 0.7 bar are introduced in a 1L vessel at 27°C?

Symbols can be written, whereas symbols  are not acceptable. Answer briefly.

Starting with sodium chloride how would you proceed to prepare

(i) sodium metal (ii) sodium hydroxide (iii) sodium peroxide (iv) sodium carbonate?

The first ionization constant of H₂S is 9.1 × 10^–8. Calculate the concentration of HS^– ion in its 0.1M solution. How will this concentration be affected if the solution is 0.1M in HCl also ? If the second dissociation constant of H₂S is 1.2 × 10^–13, calculate the concentration of S^2– under both conditions.

Why are alkali metals not found in nature?

Calculate the wavelength for the emission transition if it starts from the orbit having radius 1.3225 nm and ends at 211.6 pm. Name the series to which this transition belongs and the region of the spectrum.

In Milikan’s experiment, static electric charge on the oil drops has been obtained by shining X-rays.

If the static electric charge on the oil drop is –1.282 × 10^–18C, calculate the number of electrons present on it.

Enthalpy of combustion of carbon to CO₂ is -393.5 kJ mol^-1. Calculate the heat released upon formation of 35.2 g of CO₂ from carbon and dioxygen gas.