Bring out the differences between human capital and human development.
Human capital and human development are interrelated concepts but they are not identical. While human capital refers to the stock of a nation's human skills and expertise at a particular point of time human development refers to holistic development and well being of a nation's human capital. On one hand, human capital considers education and health as a means (skills and expertises) to enhance productive capacity, on the other hand human development considers human beings as end in itself. The important difference between human capital and human development is associated with the difference in the motive of investment. While human capital focuses on the investment in education and health sector to increase productivity and efficiency of workforce,on the other hand, human development focuses on investment in education and health sector to increase the general well being and standard and quality of living of human capital. If investment fails to increase the efficiency and income earning capacity, then human capital regards the investment to be unproductive. But, human development advocates in favour of such investments even though these had failed to bring out higher productivity and efficiency. Human development protects every individual's right to get education and lead a healthy life.
Trace the relationship between human capital and economic growth.
Discuss the need for promoting women’s education in India.
Discuss the following as a source of human capital formation
(i) Health infrastructure
(ii) Expenditure on migration.
What are the main problems of human capital formation in India?
‘There is a downward trend in inequality world-wide with a rise in the average education levels’. Comment.
Education is considered to be an important input for the development of a nation. How?
What are the indicators of educational achievement in a country?
How is human development a broader term as compared to human capital?
What factors contribute to human capital formation?
Argue in favour of the need for different forms of government intervention in education and health sectors.
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Define a plan?
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
Though the public sector is very essential for industries, many public sector undertakings incur huge losses and are a drain on the economy’s resources. Discuss the usefulness of public sector undertakings in the light of this fact.
Meena is a housewife. Besides taking care of household chores, she works in the cloth shop which is owned and operated by her husband. Can she be considered as a worker? Why?
What is the sectoral composition of an economy? Is it necessary that the service sector should contribute maximum to the GDP of an economy? Comment.
Why and how was the private sector regulated under the IPR 1956?
What was the two-fold motive behind the systematic de-industrialisation affected by the British in pre-independent India?
Bring out the importance of animal husbandry, fisheries and horticulture as a source of diversification.
Underscore some of India’s most crucial economic challenges at the time of independence.
Give a quantitative appraisal of India’s demographic profile during the colonial period.
Which is regarded as the defining year to mark the demographic transition from its first to the second decisive stage?