What were the new developments helping European navigation in the 15th century?
1. The invention of magnetic compass in 1380 CE helped in searching and identifying four cardinal directions. These directions were North, South, East and West.
2. Manufacturing of sailing sea helped the sailors to sail much safer and comfortable. Larger ships were built which could carry a large quantity of cargo.
3. The Travelogue of Marco Polo also helped a lot in European navigation and created wide interest among the people.
4. Travel literature and books on geography were also available.
Compare the civilization of the Aztecs with that of the Mesopotamians.
How did the discovery of South America lead to the development of European colonialism? HOTS
Give reasons for Spain and Portugal being the first in the 5th century to venture across the Atlantic.
Write an account of the journey of an African boy of seventeen captured and taken to Brazil as a slave.
What new food items were transmitted from South America to the rest of the world?
Look at the diagram showing the positive feedback mechanism on page 13. Can you list the inputs that went into tool making? What were the processes that were strengthened by tool making?
Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?
What were the features of the lives of the Bedouins in the early seventh century?
Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Which elements of Greek and Roman culture were revived in the 14th and 15th centuries ?
How did Britain’s involvement in wars from 1793 to 1815 affect British industries?
Comment on any points of difference between the native peoples of South and North America.
What were the major developments before the Meiji restoration that made it possible for Japan to modernise rapidly?
Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?
Compare the Venetian idea of good government with those in contemporary France.
Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?
Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Imagine and describe a day in the life of a craftsman in a medieval French town.
Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.
How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe
What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?
Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?
Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities:
(a) highly productive agriculture,
(b) water transport,
(c) the lack of metal and stone,
(d) the division of labour,
(e) the use of seals,
(f) the military power of kings that made labour compulsory?