Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities:

(a) highly productive agriculture,

(b) water transport,

(c) the lack of metal and stone,

(d) the division of labour,

(e) the use of seals,

(f) the military power of kings that made labour compulsory?

Why would the early temple have been much like a house?

What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?

Compare the Venetian idea of good government with those in contemporary France.

Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.

Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were the causes of early urbanisation?

What was the function of medieval monasteries?

Why did knights become a distinct group and when did they decline?

Why did Genghis Khan feel the need to fragment the Mongol tribes into new social and military groupings?

How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe

Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?

Why was trade so significant to the Mongols?

Imagine an encounter in California in about 1880 between four people: a former African slave, a Chinese labourer, a German who had come out in the Gold Rush, and a native of the Hopi tribe, and narrate their conversation.

How does the following account enlarge upon the character of the Pax Mongolica created by the Mongols by the middle of the thirteenth century? The Franciscan monk, William of Rubruck, was sent by Louis IX of France on an embassy to the great Khan Mongke’s court. He reached Karakorum, the capital of Mongke, in 1254 and came upon a woman from Lorraine (in France) called Paquette, who had been brought from Hungary and was in the service of one of the prince’s wives who was a Nestorian Christian. At the court he came across a Parisian goldsmith named Guillaume Boucher, ‘whose brother dwelt on the Grand Pont in Paris’. This man was first employed by the Queen Sorghaqtani and then by Mongke’s younger brother. Rubruck found that at the great court festivals the Nestorian priests were admitted first, with their regalia, to bless the Grand Khan’s cup, and were followed by the Muslim clergy and Buddhist and Taoist monks.

Why were mobile animal herders not necessarily a threat to town life?

Why would the early temple have been much like a house?

Humans and mammals such as monkeys and apes have certain similarities in behaviour and anatomy. This indicates that humans possibly evolved from apes. List these resemblances in two columns under the headings of (a) behaviour and (b) anatomy. Are there any differences that you think are noteworthy?

How did the discovery of South America lead to the development of European colonialism? HOTS

How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe

Imagine and describe a day in the life of a craftsman in a medieval French town.

Why was the history of the Australian native peoples left out of the history books?