Write word equations and then balanced equations for the reaction taking place when –
(a) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules.
(b) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon.
(c) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium powder.
(d) dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with iron filings.
(a) when sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules, the product formed is zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas.
H2SO4 + Zn → ZnSO4 + H2
Sulphuric acid + Zinc → Zinc sulphate + Hydrogen
(b) when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium it gives magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas evolved.
2HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2
Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
(c) when sulphuric acid reacts with aluminium it gives aluminium sulphate and hydrogen gas evolve.
3H2SO4 + 2Al → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Sulphuric acid + Aluminium → Aluminium sulphate + Hydrogen
(d) when iron metal reacts with hydrochloric acid it forms ferric chloride and hydrogen gas.
2HCl + Fe → FeCl2 + H2
Hydrochloric acid + Iron → Ferric chloride + Hydrogen
Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rain water does?
Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container. Explain why?
A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 10
Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda.
Why do HCl, HNO3, etc., show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character?
Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels?
Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas?
Five solutions A,B,C,D and E when tested with universal indicator showed pH as 4,1,11,7 and 9, respectively. Which solution is
(a) neutral?
(b) strongly alkaline?
(c) strongly acidic?
(d) weakly acidic?
(e) weakly alkaline?
Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen-ion concentration.
Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder.
A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.
(a) Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline?
(b) Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd?
Did Döbereiner’s triads also exist in the columns of Newlands’ Octaves? Compare and find out.
What is a good source of energy?
Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multi-cellular organisms like humans?
What are trophic levels? Give an example of a food chain and state the different trophic levels in it.
What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment-friendly?
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleared before burning in air?
Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.
The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms?
What happens at the synapse between two neurons?
Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.
How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases?
Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
The above reaction is an example of a
(a) combination reaction.
(b) double displacement reaction.
(c) decomposition reaction.
(d) displacement reaction.
Which signals will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?
Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity.
An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed.
A coil of insulated copper wire is connected to a galvanometer. What will happen if a bar magnet is (i) pushed into the coil, (ii) withdrawn from inside the coil, (iii) held stationary inside the coil?