Define the following terms.

   (i) Mineral          (ii) Ore          (iii) Gangue

When a 12 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 2.5 mA in the circuit. Find the value of the resistance of the resistor.

Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour in dogs.

Draw the structure for the following compounds.                

       (i)    Ethanoic acid             (ii)   Bromopentane*
       (iii)  Butanone                   (iv)   Hexanal.

*Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane?

A hot plate of an electric oven connected to a 220 V line has two resistance coils A and B, each of 24 Ω resistance, which may be used separately, in series, or in parallel. What are the currents in the three cases?

How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?

(a)  What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as boron have in common?
(b)  What property do all elements in the same column of the Periodic Table as fluorine have in common?

Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.

What is an homologous series? Explain with an example.

Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits – blood group A or O – is dominant? Why or why not?

Why does a compass needle get deflected when brought near a bar magnet?

Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container. Explain why?

Find out the source of water in your region/locality. Is water from this source available to all people living in that area?

Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.

Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut?

What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.

A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel. If the equivalent resistance of this combination is R′, then the ratio R/R′ is –

(a) 1/25        (b) 1/5        (c) 5        (d) 25

The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

         (a) carbon dioxide and water.         (c) sunlight.
         (b) chlorophyll.                                (d) all of the above.

Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl₂, which is a solid with a high melting point. X would most likely be in the same group of the Periodic Table as

     (a) Na     (b) Mg     (c) AI     (d) Si