What is Tripartite Personality? Theory of Personality, Id, Ego, Superego

Personality development is a process of enhancing the individual personality of a person which makes him stand out from the crowd, make their personal peculiar mark. Sigmund Freud gave a very famous theory of personality which is also known as the tripartite model of personality.

The famous theory given by Sigmund Freud, The Theory of Personality is also commonly referred to as the tripartite model of personality.

Theory of Tripartite Personality

Freud gave a psychoanalytic theory of personality development which consisted of 2 simple factors helping people to drive their persona and shaping their personality. The 2 factors are – Love and Aggression.

3 Parts of Human Psyche

According to Freud, Psyche is structured into 3 parts (Tripartite). This is the reason that this theory is also known as the tripartite theory. The three parts are- The id, Ego, and Superego.

Roles of 3 Parts of Human Psyche

These 3 parts play different roles in developing the different parts in a whole human life cycle.

Role of 3 Parts of Human Psyche

1. The Id

The Id contains all the inherited traits connected to one's personality like-

  • life instinct – Eros
  • Death or Aggressive Instinct- This is the impulsive or unconscious part of a person’s psyche.

The id is never affected by realistic or logic or actual-world that’s why it functions on the pleasure principle.

2. The Ego

One of the important parts of the Id is Ego. It gets modified with the influence of the external world. It is developed as a mediator between the external world and the unrealistic id. Unlike Id, Ego functions on reality principle and works on reasoning.

3. The Superego

In Superego, the morals and values of the society are incorporated by the person. These can be

learned from parents or the people in the society. This Superego is developed around the age of 4 to 5 years. 4 to 5 years of age is also called the phallic age of psychosexual development. The Superego takes control over the impulse of Id and 2 mina systems. The superego consists of 2 mina systems – The conscience and The ideal Self.

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