Class 11 Biology - Chapter Excretory products and their Elimination NCERT Solutions | Describe the structure of a human kidney
Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 11th Biology - Chapter Excretory products and their Elimination. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Excercise 0 , Question 6: describe the structure of a human kidney with the....
Question 6
Describe the structure of a human kidney with the help of a labelled diagram.
Answer
Kidneys are reddish brown bean shaped organ situated between last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra. Each kidney has a notch on its inner side called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerved enter. Each kidney is 10- 12 cm long, 5- 7 cm wide and 2- 3 cm thick. It weighs around 120- 170g.
- Inside the kidney there are two zone- outer cortex and inner medulla.
- Medulla: The medulla is also divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids which projects into the calyceas.
- Cortex: It extends between medullary pyramids and renal column or columns of Bertini.
- Renal pelvis: This is a broad funnel shaped space present inside the hilum.
- Each kidney contains about a million nephrons which is known as functional unit of kidney. Each nephron has two parts: the glomerulus and renal tubules.
More Questions From Class 11 Biology - Chapter Excretory products and their Elimination
- Q:-
Describe the role of liver, lungs and skin in excretion.
- Q:- Explain the autoregulatory mechanism of GFR.
- Q:- Give a brief account of the counter current mechanism.
- Q:- Name the following:
(a) A chordate animal having flame cells as excretory structures
(b) Cortical portions projecting between the medullary pyramids in the human kidney
(c) A loop of capillary running parallel to the Henles loop. - Q:- What is the significance of juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function?
- Q:- Terrestrial animals are generally either ureotelic or uricotelic, not ammonotelic, why?
- Q:- Fill in the gaps:
(a) Ascending limb of Henles loop is ____________to water whereas the descending limb is___________to it.
(b) Reabsorption of water from distal parts of the tubules is facilitated by hormone____________.
(c) Dialysis fluid contains all the constituents as in plasma except ________.
(d) A healthy adult human excretes (on an average) _______ gm of urea/day. - Q:-
What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
- Q:- Match the items of column I with those of column II:
Column I Column II
(a) Ammonotelism (i) Birds
(b) Bowmans capsule (ii) Water reabsorption
(c) Micturition (iii) Bony fish
(d) Uricotelism (iv) Urinary bladder
(e) ADH (v) Renal tubule - Q:- Explain micturition.
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