Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties NCERT Solutions | What are the major differences between m
What are the major differences between metals and non-metals?
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METALS |
NON METALS |
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Metals can lose electrons easily. |
Non-metals cannot lose electrons easily |
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Metals are solids at room ( Exceptions – Hg, Ga ). |
temperature Non – metals may be solids, liquids or gases at room temperature |
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Metals generally form ionic compounds. |
Non–metals generally form covalent compounds. |
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Metals have low ionization enthalpies. |
Non–metals have high ionization enthalpies. |
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Metals are less electronegative. They are rather electropositive elements. |
Non–metals are electronegative. |
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Metals have a high reducing power. |
Non–metals have a low reducing power |
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Metals have luster. They reflect light from polished or freshly cut surface |
Non-metals do not have luster.( Exceptions – Diamond and Iodine ) |
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Metals generally have high density |
Non-metals generally have low density |
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They are good conductors of heat and and electricity.
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They are usually bad conductors of heat electricity. (exception – carbon in the form of gas carbon and graphite ) |
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Metals are malleable and ductile. They can be beaten into sheets and drawn into wires. |
Non-metals are not malleable and ductile They are brittle when solid.They can be crushed into powder |
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They have a three dimensional crystal structure with metallic bonds |
They have different types of structures with covalent and van-der-Walls’ bonds |
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Metals usually have high tensile Strength |
Non- metals usually have low tensile strength |
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Metals generally have 1 to 3 electrons in outermost shell of their atoms |
Non-metals generally have 4 to 8 in their outermost shell of the atom |
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They generally form basic oxides. |
They generally form acidic oxides |
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They act as reducing agents |
They act as oxidizing agents. |
More Questions From Class 11 Chemistry - Chapter Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
- Q:-
Write the general outer electronic configuration of s-, p-, d- and f- block elements.
- Q:-
Considering the elements B, Al, Mg, and K, the correct order of their metallic character is:
(a) B > Al > Mg > K
(b) Al > Mg > B > K
(c) Mg > Al > K > B
(d) K > Mg > Al > B - Q:-
What do you understand by isoelectronic species? Name a species that will be isoelectronic with each of the following atoms or ions.
(i) F–
(ii) Ar
(iii) Mg2+
(iv) Rb+
- Q:-
What is the basic difference between the terms electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity?
- Q:-
Considering the elements B, C, N, F, and Si, the correct order of their non-metallic character is:
(a) B > C > Si > N > F
b) Si > C > B > N > F
(c) F > N > C > B > Si
d) F > N > C > Si > B - Q:-
Assign the position of the element having outer electronic configuration
(i) ns2 np4 for n = 3 (ii) (n - 1)d2 ns2 for n = 4, and (iii) (n - 2) f7 (n - 1)d1 ns2 for n = 6, in the periodic table.
- Q:-
How does atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?
- Q:-
Use the periodic table to answer the following questions.
(a) Identify an element with five electrons in the outer subshell.
(b) Identify an element that would tend to lose two electrons.
(c) Identify an element that would tend to gain two electrons.
(d) Identify the group having metal, non-metal, liquid as well as gas at the room temperature. - Q:-
Considering the elements F, Cl, O and N, the correct order of their chemical reactivity in terms of oxidizing property is:
(a) F > Cl > O > N
(b) F > O > Cl > N
(c) Cl > F > O > N
(d) O > F > N > Cl - Q:-
On the basis of quantum numbers, justify that the sixth period of the periodic table should have 32 elements.
Popular Questions of Class 11 Chemistry
- Q:-
How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?
- Q:-
What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?
(i) CH2=C=O,
(ii) CH3CH=CH2,
(iii) (CH3)2CO,
(iv) CH2=CHCN,
(v) C6H6
- Q:-
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
- Q:-
What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?
- Q:-
Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H2O
(ii) CO2
(iii) CH4 - Q:-
Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:
(a) NaH2PO4
(b) NaHSO4
(c) H4P2O7
(d) K2MnO4
(e) CaO2
(f) NaBH4
(g) H2S2O7
(h) KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O
- Q:-
Explain the formation of a chemical bond.
- Q:-
Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only. - Q:-
A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure? - Q:-
Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 11 Chemistry
- Q:-
Emission transitions in the Paschen series end at orbit n = 3 and start from orbit n and can be represented as v = 3.29 × 1015 (Hz) [1/32 – 1/n2]
Calculate the value of n if the transition is observed at 1285 nm. Find the region of the spectrum.
- Q:-
Explain why is there a phenomenal decrease in ionisation enthalpy from carbon to silicon?
- Q:-
Why are potassium and cesium, rather than lithium used in photoelectric cells?
- Q:-
Arrange the following
(i) CaH2, BeH2 and TiH2 in order of increasing electrical conductance.
(ii) LiH, NaH and CsH in order of increasing ionic character.
(iii) H-H, D-D and F-F in order of increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.
(iv) NaH, MgH2 and H2O in order of increasing reducing property.
- Q:-
Explain the terms Inductive and Electromeric effects. Which electron displacement effect explains the following correct orders of acidity of the carboxylic acids?
(a) Cl3CCOOH > Cl2CHCOOH > ClCH2COOH
(b) CH3CH2COOH > (CH3)2CHCOOH > (CH3)3C.COOH
- Q:-
Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali metal ions usually anhydrous?
- Q:-
What is the number of photons of light with a wavelength of 4000 pm that provide 1 J of energy?
- Q:-
Balance the following redox reactions by ion – electron method :
(a) MnO4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO2 (s) + I2(s) (in basic medium)
(b) MnO4 – (aq) + SO2 (g) → Mn2+ (aq) + HSO4– (aq) (in acidic solution)
(c) H2O2 (aq) + Fe 2+ (aq) → Fe3+ (aq) + H2O (l) (in acidic solution)
(d) Cr2O7 2– + SO2(g) → Cr3+ (aq) + SO42– (aq) (in acidic solution)
- Q:-
Do you expect different products in solution when aluminium(III) chloride and potassium chloride treated separately with
(i) normal water
(ii) acidified water, and
(iii) alkaline water?
Write equations wherever necessary.
- Q:-
For the following bond cleavages, use curved-arrows to show the electron flow and classify each as homolysis or heterolysis. Identify reactive intermediate produced as free radical, carbocation and carbanion.
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