Class 11 Economics - Indian Economic Development - Chapter Environment and Sustainable Development NCERT Solutions | Two major environmental issues facing th

What are the functions of the environment?

Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?

Explain the supply-demand reversal of environmental resources.

What happens when the rate of resource extraction exceeds that of their regeneration?

India has abundant natural resources —substantiate the statement.

Give two instances of

(a) Overuse of environmental resources
(b) Misuse of environmental resources.

Is environmental crisis a recent phenomenon? If so, why?

Identify six factors contributing to land degradation in India.

Explain how the opportunity costs of negative environmental impact are high.

How do the following factors contribute to the environmental crisis in India? What problem do they pose for the government?

(i) Rising population
(ii) Air pollution
(iii) Water contamination
(iv) Affluent consumption standards
(v) Illiteracy
(vi) Industrialisation
(vii) Urbanisation
(viii) Reduction of forest coverage
(ix) Poaching
(x) Global warming

What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?

What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?

What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.

Define a plan?

Who is a worker?

Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.

Why are regional and economic groupings formed?

Why were reforms introduced in India?

Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?

Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?

Is it necessary to generate employment in the formal sector rather than in the informal sector? Why?

What is the sectoral composition of an economy? Is it necessary that the service sector should contribute maximum to the GDP of an economy? Comment.

Why are employment generation programmes important in poverty alleviation in India?

What problems are being faced by the power sector in India?

In your view, is it essential for the government to regulate the fee structure in education and health care institutions? If so, why?

What do you understand by the drain of Indian wealth during the colonial period?

Justify that energy crisis can be overcome with the use of renewable sources of energy.

Critically evaluate the role of the rural banking system in the process of rural development in India.

Define the liberty indicator. Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Suppose you are a resident of a village, suggest a few measures to tackle the problem of poverty.