Why was it necessary for a developing country like India to follow self-reliance as a planning objective?
Self-reliance implies discouraging the imports of those goods that could be produced domestically. Achieving self-reliance is of prime importance for a developing country like India as otherwise, it would increase the country's dependence on foreign products. Dependence on foreign goods and services can promote economic growth of India but this would not contribute to the development of domestic productive resources. Dependence on foreign goods and services provides impetus to foreign country's industries at the cost of domestic infant industries. Further, imports drain away the scarce foreign reserves that are of prime importance to any developing and underdeveloped economy. Therefore, achieving self-reliance is an important objective for developing countries in order to avoid themselves from being acquiescent to the developed nations.
Why was the public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?
Match the following:
1. Prime Minister 3. Quota 4. Land Reforms 5. HYV Seeds 6. Subsidy |
A. Seeds that give large proportion of output C. Chairperson of the planning commission D. The money value of all the final goods and services produced within the economy in one year. E. Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its productivity F. The monetary assistance given by government for production activities. |
What is marketable surplus?
What is the Green Revolution? Why was it implemented and how did Does it benefit the farmers? Explain in brief.
Explain ‘growth with equity’ as a planning objective.
Define a plan?
Why and how was the private sector regulated under the IPR 1956?
Why did India opt for planning?
Does modernisation as a planning objective create contradiction in the light of employment generation? Explain.
Why should plans have goals?
What was the focus of the economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India? What were the impacts of these policies?
What are the two major sources of human capital in a country?
What do you mean by rural development? Bring out the key issues in rural development.
Who is a worker?
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What is meant by environment?
Why are regional and economic groupings formed?
Why were reforms introduced in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
Name some notable economists who estimated India’s per capita income during the colonial period?
China’s rapid industrial growth can be traced back to its reforms in 1978. Do you agree? Elucidate.
State any four pressing environmental concerns of India. Correction for environmental damages involves opportunity costs — explain.
Explain the term ‘infrastructure’.
What were the main causes of India’s agricultural stagnation during the colonial period?
Who is a worker?
What is the significance of ‘energy’? Differentiate between commercial and non-commercial sources of energy.
Compare and contrast India and China’s sectoral contribution towards GDP in 2003. What does it indicate?
The traditional handicrafts industries were ruined under the British rule. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.
How can we increase the effectiveness of health care programmes?
Mention the salient demographic indicators of China, Pakistan and India.