Do you think the navaratna policy of the government helps in improving the performance of public sector undertakings in India? How?
To improve efficiency, infuse professionalism and to enable PSUs to compete effectively in the market, government awarded the status of 'navaratnas' to the following nine PSUs:
1) Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL)
2) Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL)
3) Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL)
4) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)
5) Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL)
6) Indian Petro-chemicals Corporation Ltd (IPCL)
7) Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL)
8) National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)
9) Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd (VSNL)
These corporations were granted a greater degree of financial, managerial and operational autonomy. This boosted their efficiency and effectiveness. They also became highly competitive and some of them are becoming the giant global players. Consequent to their better performance, the government retained them under the public sector and enabled them to grow themselves not only in the domestic market but also in the international market. These corporations are self-reliant and financially self-sufficient. Thus, the navaratna policy has certainly improved the performance of these PSUs.
Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.
How is RBI controlling the commercial banks?
Explain the steps taken by the government in developing rural markets.
What are the functions of the environment?
Distinguish between the following
(i) Strategic and Minority sale
(ii) Bilateral and Multi-lateral trade
(iii) Tariff and Non-tariff barriers.
Why was the public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?
Match the following:
1. Prime Minister 3. Quota 4. Land Reforms 5. HYV Seeds 6. Subsidy |
A. Seeds that give large proportion of output C. Chairperson of the planning commission D. The money value of all the final goods and services produced within the economy in one year. E. Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its productivity F. The monetary assistance given by government for production activities. |
Infrastructure contributes to the economic development of a country. Do you agree? Explain.
Find the odd man out (i) owner of a saloon (ii) a cobbler (iii) a cashier in Mother Dairy (iv) a tuition master (v) transport operator (vi) construction worker.
Highlight any two serious adverse environmental consequences of development in India. India’s environmental problems pose a dichotomy — they are poverty induced and, at the same time, due to affluence in living standards — is this true?
How are the rates of consumption of energy and economic growth connected?
What is organic farming and how does it promote sustainable development?
What were the main causes of India’s agricultural stagnation during the colonial period?
What are the major factors responsible for the high growth of the service sector?
Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.
How is human development a broader term as compared to human capital?
Mention some obstacles that hinder the mechanism of agricultural marketing.
What is the state of rural infrastructure in India?
Why calorie-based norm is not adequate to identify the poor?
The three dimensional attack on poverty adopted by the govern-ment has not succeded in poverty alleviation in India. Comment.