What is meant by the Bretton Woods Agreement?
The Bretton Woods Agreement was finalised in July 1944 at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire, USA. It established the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to preserve global economic stability and full employment in the industrial world. These institutions also dealt with external surpluses and deficits of member nations, and financed post-war reconstructions.
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
List all the different social groups which joined the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921. Then choose any three and write about their hopes and struggles to show why they, joined the movement.
Compare the images of Bharat Mata in this chapter with the image of Germania in Chapter 1.
a) The British government’s decision to abolish the Corn Laws.
b) The coming of rinderpest to Africa.
c) The death of men of working-age in Europe because of the World War.
d) The Great Depression on the Indian economy.
e) The decision of MNCs to relocate production to Asian countries.
Briefly trace the process of German unification.
Explain what is meant by the 1848 revolution of the liberals. What were the political, social and economic ideas supported by the liberals?
How was the history of nationalism in Britain unlike the rest of Europe?
Write a newspaper report on:
a) The Jallianwala Bagh massacre
b) The Simon Commission
What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people?
Who were Marianne and Germania? What was the importance of the way in which they were portrayed?
Why did some industrialists in nineteenth-century Europe prefer hand labour over machines?
Explain the three types of movements or flows within international economic ex- change. Find one example of each type of flow which involved India and Indians, and write a short account of it.
Explain how print culture assisted the growth of nationalism in India.
a) The British government’s decision to abolish the Corn Laws.
b) The coming of rinderpest to Africa.
c) The death of men of working-age in Europe because of the World War.
d) The Great Depression on the Indian economy.
e) The decision of MNCs to relocate production to Asian countries.
What is meant by the idea of satyagraha?
Why did some people fear the effect of easily available printed books? Choose one example from Europe and one from India.
Explain what is meant by proto-industrialisation.
Briefly trace the process of German unification.
Why did political leaders differ sharply over the question of separate electorates?
Choose three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of nationalism in Europe.