How do historians reconstruct the lives of ordinary people?
Ordinary people could not leave behind any historical evidence about their life. Hence, the historians use a variety of sources to reconstruct the lives of the common people during the ancient times. The important sources are:
Discuss whether the Mahabharata could have been the work of a single author.
Discuss whether kings in early states were invariably Kshatriyas.
How important were gender differences in early societies? Give reasons for your answer.
On Map 1, use a pencil to circle sites where evidence of agriculture has been recovered. Mark an X against sites where there is evidence of craft production and R against sites where raw materials were found.
Look at Fig. 1.30 and describe what you see. How is the body placed? What are the objects placed near it? Are there any artefacts on the body? Do these indicate the sex of the skeleton?
Discuss the evidence that suggests that Brahmanical prescriptions about kinship and marriage were not universally followed.
Describe some of the distinctive features of Mohenjodaro.
Describe the salient features of mahajanapadas.
Were the ideas of the Upanishadic thinkers different from those of the fatalists and materialists? Give reasons for your answer.
Discuss how and why stupas were built.
Explain why patriliny may have been particularly important among elite families.
Look at Fig. 1.30 and describe what you see. How is the body placed? What are the objects placed near it? Are there any artefacts on the body? Do these indicate the sex of the skeleton?
Discuss the functions that may have been performed by rulers in Harappan society.
To what extent were agricultural practices transformed in the period under consideration?
List the raw materials required for craft production in the Harappan civilisation and discuss how these might have been obtained.
Discuss the evidence of craft production in Early Historic cities. In what ways is this different from the evidence from Harappan cities?
Would you agree that the drainage system in Harappan cities indicates town planning? Give reasons for your answer.
Describe some of the distinctive features of Mohenjodaro.
Discuss the development in sculpture and architecture associated with the rise of Vaishnavism and Shaivism.
Describe the salient features of mahajanapadas.