Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each.
(a) Oxidation
(b) Reduction
(a) Oxidation: Reaction in which a substance gains oxygen or addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen in a reaction is called oxidation.
Eg.:
(i) 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO
(ii) 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
(b) Reduction: Reaction in which a substance looses oxygen or removal of oxygen or gain of hydrogen in a reaction is called reduction.HEg.:
(i) CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
oxygen is removed from copper oxide so reduction of CuO occurs.
(ii) H2S + Cl2 → 2HCl + S
gain of hydrogen by chlorine gas, so chlorine is reducted to form HCl.
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