Class 10 Science - Chapter Heredity and Evolution NCERT Solutions | How do Mendel’s experiments show t

Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 10th Science - Chapter Heredity and Evolution. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Excercise 2 , Question 1: how do mendel rsquo s experiments show that traits....

Question 1

How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive?

Answer

The allele which always expresses itself in the presence of contrasting allele is a dominant allele and which does not express itself in the presence of its contrasting dominant allele is known as recessive allele.

Mendel showed the traits dominant or recessive by the monohybrid cross which is shown by the law of dominance in pea plants, in which the allele is expressed itself is dominant or the unexpressed one is recessive. He crossed the homozygous tall pea plant with genotype TT to the homozygous dwarf pea plant with genotype tt. Then, the F1 (filial generation) is formed with the result of phenotype Tt where T shows the tallness, i.e, dominant or t shows the dwarfness which remain unexpressed, i.e, recessive. And when he crossed again, he found the 3:1 phenotypic ratio and 1:2:1 genotypic ratio in F2 generation.

genotypic ratio

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Q:-

Find out, from Table 10.3, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density.

Material medium	Refractive index	Material medium	Refractive index
Air	1.0003	Canada Balsam	1.53
Ice	1.31
Water	1.33	Rock salt	1.54
Alcohol	1.36
Kerosene	1.44	Carbon disulphide	1.63
Fused quartz	1.46
Turpentine oil	1.47	Ruby	1.71
Benzene	1.50	Sapphire	1.77
Crown glass	1.52	Diamond	2.42

Table 10.3 Absolute refractive index of some material media