Chapter 4 Sorting Materials into Groups

Objects which are made up of wood are as following: Table, chair, box, doors, boat, pencil etc.

In our daily life we use a number of things which are made up of wood.

1. Steel spoon: steel spoon have shine because it is made up of metal. Metals are shiny in appearance.
2. Glass bowl: it is also have shiny appearance because glass is a non- crystalline substance and have luster. 
3. Plastic toy: it does not contain shine because plastic is dull in appearance and they have no lustrous surface.
4. Cotton shirt: cotton shirt is not shiny because it is a cloth and clothes generally have no shine.

Objects                Materials
Book                     Paper
Tumbler                Glass, Wood, Plastic
Chair                     Wood, Plastic
Toy                        Glass, Wood, Plastic, Leather, Paper
Shoes                   Leather, plastic

Books are made up of papers. A tumbles is made up of glass, wood and plastic as well. But it cannot made up of papers. A chair is made up of wood and plastic. Toy can be made up of any material like glass, wood, paper, leather and plastic. Shoes cannot be made by paper and wood because it is inconvenient and out of comfort. So, shoes are made up of leather and plastic.

(i) False

Stone is not an transparent object because it does not allow light to pass through it. While glass is transparent because it allows light to pass through it.

       (ii) False

       This statement is false because notebook and eraser both are not metals. So, they both do not contain luster.

       (iii) False

       Chalk does not dissolve in water because if this get dissolved in water it makes colloidal solution or we can say that it makes an heterogeneous mixture.

       (iv) True

       Wood floats on water because wood have less density than water.

      (v) False

      Because sugar dissolves in water and makes a saturated solution.

      (vi) False

      It is a false statement because oil has less density than water. So oil floats on water but do not mix with water. Oils are non- polar whereas water is polar.        But both are immiscible liquids.

      (vii) True

      This statement is true because when sand mixes in water it makes colloidal solution and when this solution is left undisturbed it settles down in the                  bottom.

      (viii) True

      Because vinegar makes a homogeneous mixture or solution when mixes with water.

(a)      Round shaped                                                 Other shaped

Basket- ball, orange, globe etc.                                   water, apple, earthen pot, sugar etc.

As we know that water have no shape but sugar have crystalline structure. Apple and earthen pitcher are not round in shape totally.

(b)          Eatables                                                     Non- eatables

Orange, apple, sugar, water                                      basket- ball, globe, earthen pitcher etc.

As we know orange, apples are fruits; sugar and water are also eatable and drinking materials.

The items that float on water and also float on kerosene or oil are as follows:

Hair, wood, thermocol, feather, plastic ball, boat etc.

They float on water as well as float on oil or kerosene because they all have less density than water and oil. So they float easily.

(a) Baby

Baby is the odd one because it is a human being or a living being. These all are non- living things except baby.

(b) Boat

Boat is the odd one because it is made up of wood and then except ones are flower’s categories.

(c) Sand

Sand is the odd one because they all are metals except sand.

(d) Sand

Sand is the odd one because sand is non- eatable and the remaining ones are eatables.