Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology - Chapter Biotechnology Principles and Process. This page offers a step-by-step solution to the specific question from Exercise 1, Question 12: . With detailed answers and explanations for each chapter, students can strengthen their understanding and prepare confidently for exams. Ideal for CBSE and other board students, this resource will simplify your study experience.
(a) Plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA
|
Plasmid DNA |
Chromosomal DNA |
|
Plasmid DNA is an extra-chromosomal DNA molecule in bacteria that is capable of replicating, independent of chromosomal DNA. |
Chromosomal DNA is the entire DNA of an organism present inside chromosomes. |
(b) RNA and DNA
|
RNA |
DNA |
|
|
1. |
RNA is a single stranded molecule. |
DNA is a double stranded molecule. |
|
2. |
It contains ribose sugar. |
It contains deoxyribose sugar. |
|
3. |
The pyrimidines in RNA are adenine and uracil. |
The pyrimidines in DNA are adenine and thymine. |
|
4 |
RNA cannot replicate itself. |
DNA molecules have the ability to replicate. |
|
5 |
It is a component of the ribosomes. |
It is a component of the chromosomes. |
(c) Exonuclease and Endonuclease
|
Exonuclease |
Endonuclease |
|
|
|
It is a type of restriction enzyme that removes the nucleotide from 5’ or 3’ ends of the DNA molecule. |
It is a type of restriction enzyme that makes a cut within the DNA at a specific site to generate sticky ends. |
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