What are the functions of the Stock Exchange?
Stock Exchange performs the following functions:
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Provides Liquidity and Marketability to Existing Securities: It provides a ready and continuous market where securities are bought and sold. It gives investors the chance to disinvest or reinvest. Thus, regular dealing provides both liquidity and marketability to existing securities.
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Pricing of Securities: It helps in determining the prices of various securities that reflect their real worth. It enables correct pricing of securities through the interplay of demand and supply. The stock market index like SENSEX, reflects the market direction and indicate day-to-day fluctuations in share prices.
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Safety of Transactions: It is well regulated and its dealings are well-defined according to the existing legal framework. This ensures that the investing public gets a fair deal in the market.
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Contributes to Economic Growth: In stock exchange, the process of disinvestment and reinvestment channelize the saving into productive investment avenues. This leads to capital formation and economic growth.
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Spreading Equity Cult: It is an organised market, which takes various steps to guide and educate investors, publishes information about companies listed on the exchange and ensures better and safe trading practices. These practices have played a vital role in increasing the number of people investing in equity, thus leading to wider ownership of equity.
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Providing Scope for Speculation: It is generally accepted that a certain degree of speculation is necessary to ensure liquidity and price continuity in the stock market. Thus, it provides sufficient scope for speculation in a restricted and controlled manner within the provisions of law.
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Indian Railways has launched a new broad gauge solar power train which is going to be a path breaking leap towards making trains greener and more environment friendly. The solar power DEMU (Diesel Electric Multiple Unit) has 6 trailer coaches and is expected to save about 21,000 liters of diesel and ensure a cost saving of Rs 12, 00,000 per year. Name the objectives of management achieved by Indian Railways in the above case.
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The government of India announced Demonetization of ₹ 500 and ₹ 1,000 currency notes with effect from the midnight of November 8, 2016. As a result, the existing ₹ 500 and ₹ 1,000 currency notes ceased to be legal tender from that date. New currency notes of the denomination of ₹ 500 and ₹ 2,000 were issued by Reserve Bank of India after the announcement.
This step resulted in a substantial increase in the awareness about and use of Point of Sale machines, e-wallets, digital cash and other modes of cashless transactions. Also, increased transparency in monetary transactions and disclosure led to a rise in government revenue in the form of tax collection.
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Ashita and Lakshita are employees working in Dazzling enterprises dealing in costume jewellery. The firm secured an urgent order for 1,000 bracelets that were to be delivered within 4 days. They were assigned the responsibility of producing 500 bracelets each at a cost of Rs 100 per bracelet. Ashita was able to produce the required number within the stipulated time at the cost of Rs 55,000 whereas, Lakshita was able to produce only 450 units at a cost of Rs 90 per unit. State whether Ashita and Lakshita are efficient and effective. Give reasons to justify your answer.
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