Complete the following chemical reactions.
(i) PbS(s) + H2O2(aq) →
(ii) MnO-4(aq) + H2O2(aq) →
(iii) CaO(s) + H2O(g) →
(iv) AlCl3(g) + H2O(I) →
(v) Ca3N2(s) + H2O(I) →
Classify the above into (a) hydrolysis, (b) redox and (c) hydration reactions.
(i) PbS(s) + H2O2(aq) → PbSO4(s) + H2O(l)
H2O2 is acting as an oxidizing agent in the reaction. Hence, it is a redox reaction.
(ii) 2MnO-4(aq) + 5H2O2(aq) → 6H+(aq) → 2Mn2+(aq) + 8H2O(l) + 5O2(g)
H2O2(aq) is acting as a reducing agent in the acidic medium, thereby oxidizing MnO-4(aq). Hence, the given reaction is a redox reaction.
(iii) CaO(s) + H2O(g) → Ca(OH)2aq
The reactions in which a compound reacts with water to produce other compounds are called hydrolysis reactions. The given reaction is hydrolysis.
(iv) 2AlCl3(g) + 3H2O(I) → Al2O3(s) + 6HCl(aq)
The reactions in which a compound reacts with water to produce other compounds are called hydrolysis reactions. The given reaction represents hydrolysis of AlCl3.
(v) Ca3N2(s) + 6H2O(I) → 3Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2NH3(g)
The reactions in which a compound reacts with water to produce other compounds are called hydrolysis reactions. The given reaction represents hydrolysis of Ca3N2.
Justify the position of hydrogen in the periodic table on the basis of its electronic configuration.
Compare the structures of H2O and H2O2.
Write chemical reactions to show the amphoteric nature of water.
Arrange the following
(i) CaH2, BeH2 and TiH2 in order of increasing electrical conductance.
(ii) LiH, NaH and CsH in order of increasing ionic character.
(iii) H-H, D-D and F-F in order of increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.
(iv) NaH, MgH2 and H2O in order of increasing reducing property.
Discuss the principle and method of softening of hard water by synthetic ion-exchange resins.
What do you understand by the term “non-stoichiometric hydrides”? Do you expect this type of the hydrides to be formed by alkali metals? Justify your answer.
What is meant by 'demineralised' water and how can it be obtained?
What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?
How does H2O2 behave as a bleaching agent?
Why does hydrogen occur in a diatomic form rather than in a monoatomic form under normal conditions?
How do you account for the formation of ethane during chlorination of methane?
What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds ?
(i) CH2=C=O,
(ii) CH3CH=CH2,
(iii) (CH3)2CO,
(iv) CH2=CHCN,
(v) C6H6
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
What are the common physical and chemical features of alkali metals?
Calculate the molecular mass of the following:
(i) H2O
(ii) CO2
(iii) CH4
Assign oxidation number to the underlined elements in each of the following species:
(a) NaH2PO4
(b) NaHSO4
(c) H4P2O7
(d) K2MnO4
(e) CaO2
(f) NaBH4
(g) H2S2O7
(h) KAl(SO4)2.12 H2O
What is the basic theme of organisation in the periodic table?
Explain the formation of a chemical bond.
Choose the correct answer. A thermodynamic state function is a quantity
(i) used to determine heat changes
(ii) whose value is independent of path
(iii) used to determine pressure volume work
(iv) whose value depends on temperature only.
A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.
a) What is the initial effect of the change on vapour pressure?
b) How do rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
c) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?
Why does benzene undergo electrophilic substitution reactions easily and nucleophilic substitutions with difficulty?
Identify the functional groups in the following compounds
Propanal and pentan-3-one are the ozonolysis products of an alkene? What is the structural formula of the alkene?
What are the harmful effects of photochemical smog and how can they be controlled?
Consider the elements:
Cs, Ne, I and F
(a) Identify the element that exhibits only negative oxidation state.
(b) Identify the element that exhibits only postive oxidation state.
(c) Identify the element that exhibits both positive and negative oxidation states.
(d) Identify the element which exhibits neither the negative nor does the positive oxidation state.
Use the data given in the following table to calculate the molar mass of naturally occurring argon isotopes:
Isotope |
Isotopic molar mass |
Abundance |
36Ar |
35.96755 gmol–1 |
0.337% |
38Ar |
37.96272 gmol–1 |
0.063% |
40Ar |
39.9624 gmol–1 |
99.600% |
Considering the elements B, Al, Mg, and K, the correct order of their metallic character is:
(a) B > Al > Mg > K
(b) Al > Mg > B > K
(c) Mg > Al > K > B
(d) K > Mg > Al > B
Round up the following upto three significant figures:
(i) 34.216
(ii) 10.4107
(iii) 0.04597
(iv) 2808
How many significant figures should be present in the answer of the following calculations?
(i)
(ii) 5 × 5.364
(iii) 0.0125 + 0.7864 + 0.0215
Describe the theory associated with the radius of an atom as it
(a) gains an electron
(b) loses an electron