Class 10 Science - Chapter Life Processes NCERT Solutions | How do carbohydrates, proteins and fats
How do carbohydrates, proteins and fats get digested in human beings?
Digestion of carbohydrates: Digestion of carbohydrates starts in the buccal cavity where the food receives saliva contains salivary amylase enzyme which converts starch and glycogen into maltose, isomaltose and dextrins. This salivary digestion continues in the stomach and then completes in the small intestine where the food meets two juices:- pancreatic juice and Intestinal juice. These juices help in the breakdown of the sugar molecules to glucose and galactose.
Digestion of Proteins: Protein digestion starts in the stomach and completes in the small intestine. Proteins are first digested by pepsin enzymes which are secreted by the gastric glands present in the stomach. Gastric glands secrete gastric juice which contains HCL and mucus; HCL produce appropriate pH for the digestion of proteins. In the small intestine, food receives bile, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice from liver, pancreas and from intestinal glands respectively with the basic hydrogen ion concentration. This alkalinity stops the action of pepsin enzyme. Then pancreatic juice secretes trypsin and chymotrypsinogen enzyme where complete digestion of proteins takes place.
Digestion of fats: Fats and oils are digested by the lipases. This digestion starts in the stomach and completes in the small intestine.
In the stomach, gastric juices contain gastric lipase which converts fats into monoglycerides. In the small intestine, bile juice is secreted by the liver which converts triglycerides into emulsified fat or small globules. Then these get converted into fatty acid and glycerol by the action of lipase.
Fatty acids, Glycerol and Monosaccharides are the end products of the fat digestion.
More Questions From Class 10 Science - Chapter Life Processes
- Q:-
Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multi-cellular organisms like humans?
- Q:-
How is the amount of urine produced regulated?
- Q:-
What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive?
- Q:-
What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms?
- Q:-
The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in
(a) cytoplasm. (c) chloroplast.
(b) mitochondria. (d) nucleus. - Q:-
What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?
- Q:-
What are outside raw materials used for by an organism?
- Q:-
What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies?
- Q:-
What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants?
- Q:-
What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?
Popular Questions of Class 10 Science
- Q:-
Did Döbereiner’s triads also exist in the columns of Newlands’ Octaves? Compare and find out.
- Q:-
What is a good source of energy?
- Q:-
What are trophic levels? Give an example of a food chain and state the different trophic levels in it.
- Q:-
What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment-friendly?
- Q:-
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
- Q:-
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
- Q:-
If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
- Q:-
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleared before burning in air?
- Q:-
Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.
- Q:-
You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube?
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 10 Science
- Q:-
How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?
- Q:-
The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement?
- Q:-
Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car.
(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle.
(c) Solar furnace.Support your answer with reason.
- Q:-
Give an example of a metal which
(i) is a liquid at room temperature.
(ii) can be easily cut with a knife.
(iii) is the best conductor of heat.
(iv) is a poor conductor of heat. - Q:-
Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
(a) At the principal focus of the lens
(b) At twice the focal length
(c) At infinity
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. - Q:-
Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
- Q:-
Find out, from Table 10.3, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density.
Material
mediumRefractive
indexMaterial
mediumRefractive
indexAir 1.0003 Canada
Balsam1.53 Ice 1.31 Water 1.33 Rock salt 1.54 Alcohol 1.36 Kerosene 1.44 Carbon
disulphide1.63 Fused
quartz1.46 Turpentine
oil1.47 Ruby 1.71 Benzene 1.50 Sapphire 1.77 Crown
glass1.52 Diamond 2.42 Table 10.3 Absolute refractive index of some material media
- Q:-
A solution of a substance 'X' is used for whitewashing.
(i) Name the substance 'X' and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance 'X' named in (i) above with water. - Q:-
The change in focal length of an eye lens is caused by the action of the
(a) pupil. (b) retina.
(c) ciliary muscles. (d) iris. - Q:-
Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected. The near point of a hypermetropic eye is 1 m. What is the power of the lens required to correct this defect? Assume that the near point of the normal eye is 25 cm.
- All Chapters Of Class 10 Science
- All Subjects Of Class 10