Saral Study

There are 24 Tirthankaras in Jainism. The meaning of Tirthankar is – the saviour, the one who saves. Tirthankaras are called Arihants. Arihant means one who has conquered his inner enemies. A person who has attained Kaivalya Gyan. Arihant also means God.

24 Tirthankara of Jainism

(1) Rishabhdev

Rishabhdev was born in Ayodhya on Ashtami-Navami of Chaitra Krishna to the seventh Kulkar Nabhiraj and his wife Marudevi in ​​the tradition of Kulkars. He had two sons Bharat and Bahubali and two daughters Brahmi and Sundari. Rishabhdev was in the fifth generation from Swayambhuva Manu in this order – Swayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata, Agnidhra, Nabhi and then Rishabh. You took initiation on the Ashtami of Krishna Paksha of Chaitra month and you got Kaivalya on Ashtami of Falgun Krishna Paksha. You attained Nirvana on Magha Krishna 14 in Ashtapada of the Kailash mountain area. Your symbols are Bull, Chaityavriksha – Nygrodha, Yaksha – Govdanal, and Yakshini – Chakreshwari.

(2) Ajitnathji

Second Tirthankar Ajitnathji’s mother’s name was Vijaya and his father’s name was Jitshatru. You were born in Ayodhya on the Dashami of Magh Shukla Paksha. You took initiation on the Navami of Magh Shukla Paksha and you got Kaivalya knowledge on Ekadashi of Paush Shukla Paksha. On Panchami of Chaitra Shukla, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. Your symbol is Gaj, Chaitya tree – Saptaparna, Yaksha – Mahayaksha, Yakshini – Rohini.

(3) Sambhavnathji

The mother’s name of the third Tirthankar Sambhavnathji is Susena and the father’s name is Jitari. Sambhavnathji was born in Shravasti on the Chaturdashi of Marshish. You took initiation on the full moon day of Shukla Paksha of Marshish and after rigorous penance, you got Kaivalya knowledge on Kartik Krishna Panchami. You attained Nirvana on Sammed Shikhar on Panchami of Chaitra Shukla Paksha. According to the followers of the Jain religion, their symbols are Horse, Chaityavriksha – Shawl, Yaksha – Trimukh, and Yakshini – Prajapati.

(4) Abhinandanji

The mother’s name of the fourth Tirthankar Abhinandanji is Siddhartha Devi and the father’s name is Sanvar (Samvar or Sanvara Raj). You were born in Ayodhya on the Baras of Magh Shukla. You took initiation on Magh Shukla’s Baras and after rigorous penance, you got Kaivalya Gyan on Chaturdashi of Paush Shukla Paksha. On the sixth or seventh day of Baisakh Shukla, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, their symbols are the monkey, Chaityavriksha – Saral, Yaksha – Yaksheshwar, and Yakshini – Vraj chain.

(5) Sumatinathji

The name of the fifth Tirthankar Sumatinathji’s father was Megrath or Meghprabha and his mother’s name was Sumangala. You were born in Saketpuri (Ayodhya) on the Ashtami of Baisakh Shukla. According to some scholars, you were born on the Ekadashi of Chaitra Shukla. You took initiation on the Navami day of Baisakh Shukla and Ekadashi of Chaitra Shukla Paksha, you attained Kaivalya Gyan. On the Ekadashi of Chaitra Shukla, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, their symbols are Chakwa, Chaityavriksha – Priyangu, Yaksha – Tumburav, and Yakshini – Vajrankusha.

(6) Padmaprabhuji

The father name of the sixth Tirthankar Padmaprabhuji was Dharan Raj and his mother’s name was Susima Devi. You were born in Vats Kaushambi on the Dwadashi of Kartik Krishna Paksha. You took initiation on the Trayodashi of Kartik Krishna Paksha and on the full moon day of Chaitra Shukla Paksha you attained Kaivalya Gyan. On Chaturdashi of Phalgun Krishna Paksha, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, his symbol is Lotus, Chaityavriksha-Priyangu, Yaksha-Matang, and Yakshini-Aprati Chakreshwari.

(7) Suparshwanath

The father’s name of the seventh Tirthankar Suparshwanath was Pratisthasen and the mother’s name was Prithvidevi. You were born in Varanasi on the Baras of Jyestha Shukla Paksha. You took initiation on the Trayodashi of Jyeshtha Shukla Paksha and the Saptami of Falgun Krishna Paksha, you got Kaivalya Gyan. On the Saptami of Falgun Krishna Paksha, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is Swastik, Chaityavriksha – Shirish, Yaksha – Vijay, Yakshini – Purushdatta.

(8) Chandraprabhu

Eighth Tirthankar Chandraprabhu’s father’s name was Raja Mahasen and his mother’s name was Sulakshana. You were born in Chandrapuri on the day of Paush Krishna Paksha’s Baras. Enlightenment was achieved. On the Saptami of Krishna Paksha of Bhadrapada, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to Jainism, your symbol is Ardhachandra, Chaityavriksha – Snake tree, Yaksha – Ajit, and Yakshini – Manovega.

(9) Pushpadanta

The ninth Tirthankara Pushpadanta is also known as Suvidhinatha. Your father’s name was Raja Sugriva Raj and mother’s name was Rama Rani, who belonged to the Ikshvaku dynasty. You were born in Kakandi on the fifth day of Krishna Paksha of Marshish. You took Diksha on Chhath (6th) of Krishna Paksha of Margashirsha and Tritiya (3rd) of Kartik Krishna Paksha you attained Kaivalya Gyan at Sammed Shikhar. On the Navami of Shukla Paksha of Bhadra, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. Your symbol is Capricorn, Chaityavriksha – Aksha (Baheda), Yaksha – Brahma, Yakshini – Kali.

(10) Sheetalnath

Tenth Tirthankar Sheetalnath’s father’s name was Dridharatha and his mother’s name was Sunanda. You were born in Baddhilpur on Dwadashi (12) of Magha Krishna Paksha. You took Diksha on Magha Krishna Paksha’s Dwadashi and on Paush Krishna Paksha’s Chaturdashi (14) you got Kaivalya Gyan. You attained Nirvana on Sammed Shikhar on the dark fortnight of Baisakh. Your symbol is Kalpataru, Chaityavriksha – Dhuli (Malivriksha), Yaksha – Brahmeshwar, and Yakshini – Jwalamalini.

(11) Shreyansnathji

The eleventh Tirthankar Shreyansnathji’s mother’s name was Vishnushree or Venushree and his father’s name was Vishnuraj. You were born on the 10th day of Falgun Krishna Paksha at a place called Sinhapuri. You attained Nirvana on Sammed Shikhar (Shikharji) on the full moon day of Shravan Shukla Paksha. According to the followers of Jainism, their symbols are Rhinoceros, Chaityavriksha-Palash, Yaksha-Kumar, and Yakshini-Mahakali.

(12) Vasupujya

The twelfth Tirthankara Vasupujya Prabhu’s father’s name was Vasupujya and his mother’s name was Jaya Devi. You were born in Champapuri on Chaturdashi (14) of Phalgun Krishna Paksha. You took initiation on the new moon day of Falgun Krishna Paksha and attained Kaivalya knowledge on Magha’s Duj (2). You attained Nirvana in Champa on the Chaturdashi of the Shukla Paksha of Ashadh. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is Buffalo, Chaityavriksha – Tendu, Yaksha – Shanmukh, Yakshini – Gauri.

(13) Vimalnath

Thirteenth Tirthankar Vimalnath’s father’s name was Kritaverma and his mother’s name was Shyam Devi (Suramya). You were born in Kapilpur on Magha Shukla Teej. You took initiation on the Teej of Magha Shukla Paksha and attained Kaivalya on the Shashthi of Paush Shukla Paksha. Nirvana was attained on Shri Sammed Shikhar on the seventh day of Ashada Shukla. According to the followers of Jainism, your symbol is Pig, Chaityavriksha is Patal, Yaksha is Patal, and Yakshini is Gandhari.

(14) Anantnathji

The fourteenth Tirthankar Anantnathji’s mother’s name was Sarvayasha and his father’s name was Singhsen. You were born in Ayodhya on the day of Trayodashi (13) of Vaishakh Krishna Paksha. You took initiation on Vaishakh Krishna Paksha Chaturdashi (14th) and after hard penance attained Kaivalya knowledge on the day of Vaishakh Krishna’s Trayodashi. On the fifth day of Chaitra Shukla, you attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of Jainism, their symbols are Sehi, Chaityavriksha – Peepal, Yaksha – Kinnar, and Yakshini – Vairoti.

(15) Dharmanath

The father’s name of the fifteenth Tirthankar Shri Dharmanath was Bhanu and the mother’s name was Suvrata. You were born in Ratnapur on Tritiya (3) of Magha Shukla. You took initiation on the Trayodashi of Magha Shukla and you got Kaivalya on the full moon day of Paush. Nirvana was attained at Sammed peak on the Panchami of Jyeshtha Krishna Paksha. According to the followers of Jainism, your symbols are Vajra, Chaityavriksha – Dadhiparna, Yaksha – Kimpurush, and Yakshini – Solsa.

(16) Shantinath

Shantinath, the sixteenth Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in the Ikshvaku clan in Hastinapur on the Trayodashi of the Krishna Paksha of Jyestha month. Shantinath’s father was King Vishwasen of Hastinapur and his mother’s name was Arya (Achira). You took Diksha on Chaturdashi of Krishna Paksha of Jyestha month and you got Kaivalya on Navami of Paush Shukla Paksha. On the Trayodashi of Krishna Paksha of Jyeshtha month, Nirvana was attained at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbols are Deer, Chaityavriksha – Nandi, Yaksha – Garuda, and Yakshini – Anantmati.

(17) Kunthunathji

Seventeenth Tirthankar Kunthunathji’s mother’s name was Shrikanta Devi (Sridevi) and his father’s name was Raja Suryasen. You were born in Hastinapur on the Chaturdashi of Vaishakh Krishna Paksha. Took initiation on the fifth day of Vaishakh Krishna Paksha and attained Kaivalya knowledge on the fifth day of Chaitra Shukla Paksha. Nirvana was attained on Sammed peak on the day of Ekam of Vaishakh Shukla Paksha. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is Chaag (goat), Chaitya tree – Tilak, Yaksha – Gandharva, Yakshini – Manasi.

(18) Arhnathji

Eighteenth Tirthankar Arhnathji or Ar Prabhu’s father’s name was Sudarshan and his mother’s name was Mitrasen Devi. You were born in Hastinapur on the tenth day of Shukla Paksha of Marshish. You took initiation on Gyaras of Shukla Paksha of Marshish and got Kaivalya knowledge on Baras of Kartik Krishna Paksha. Nirvana was attained at Sammed peak on the tenth day of Marshish. According to the followers of the Jain religion, their symbols are Tagarkusum (fish), Chaityavriksha – Mango, Yaksha – Kuber, and Yakshini – Mahamansi.

(19) Mallinath

Nineteenth Tirthankar and the only female tirthankar Mallinath’s father’s name was Kumbhraj and her mother’s name was Prabhavati (Rakshita). You were born in Mithila on the bright fortnight of Margashirsha. Took initiation on the Ekadashi of Shukla Paksha of Margshish and also attained Kaivalya on the date of this month. Baras of Phalgun Krishna Paksha attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is Kalash, Chaityavriksha – Kankeli (Ashoka), Yaksha – Varuna, and Yakshini – Jaya.

(20) Munisuvratnath

Tirthankar Munisuvratnath’s father’s name was Sumitra and his mother’s name was Prabhavati. You were born in Rajgarh on the eighth day of Krishna Paksha. You took initiation on the Baras of Falgun Krishna Paksha and attained Kaivalya knowledge only on the Baras of Falgun Krishna Paksha. Nirvana was attained at Sammed Shikhar on the Navami of Jyestha Krishna Paksha. According to the followers of Jainism, your symbols are Kurma, Chaitya tree – Champak, Yaksha – Bhrikuti, and Yakshini – Vijaya.

(21) Naminath

Twenty-first Tirthankar Naminath’s father’s name was Vijay and his mother’s name was Subhadra (Subhrada-vapra). You yourself were the king of Mithila. You were born in the Ikshvaku clan in Mithilapuri on the Ashtami of the Krishna Paksha of the month of Shravan. You took initiation on Ashtami of Shukla of Ashadh month and attained Kaivalya on Ekadashi of Shukla Paksha of Marshish. On Dashami of Vaishakh Krishna attained Nirvana at Sammed Shikhar. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol- is Utpal, Chaityavriksha- Bakul, Yaksha- Gomedh, Yakshini- Aparajita.

(22) Neminath

The name of the twenty-second Tirthankara Neminath’s father was Raja Samudravijay and his mother’s name was Shivadevi. You were born in Shaurpuri (Mathura) in the Yadav dynasty on the Panchami of the Krishna Paksha of the month of Shravan. Neminath was the son of Samudravijaya, the eldest son of the Yadav dynasty king Andhakvrishni of Shaurpuri (Mathura). Lord Krishna was born to Vasudev, the youngest son of Andhakvrishni. Thus both Neminath and Shri Krishna were cousins. You took initiation on the Shashthi of the Krishna Paksha of the month of Shravan and attained Kaivalya on Mount Girnar on the new moon day of the Krishna Paksha of the month of Ashadha. You attained Nirvana on Ujjain or Mount Girnar on Ashtami of Ashada Shukla. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is a conch shell, Chaityavriksha is Aries, Yaksha is a side, and Yakshini is polymorphic.

(23) Parshwanath

The father’s name of the twenty-third Tirthankar Parshwanath was Raja Ashwasen and the mother’s name was Vama. You were born in Varanasi (Kashi) on the Dashami of Paush Krishna Paksha. You took initiation on the Chaturthi of Chaitra Krishna Paksha and attained Kaivalya only on the Chaturthi of Chaitra Krishna Paksha. On the Ashtami of Shravan Shukla attained Nirvana at Sammed peak. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is- Snake, Chaityavriksha-Dhav, Yaksha-Matang, Yakshini-Kushmadi.

(24) Mahavir

The twenty-fourth Tirthankar Lord Mahavir Swami’s birth name was Vardhaman, his father’s name was Siddhartha and his mother’s name was Trishala (Priyankarini). You were born in Kundalpur on the Trayodashi day of Chaitra Shukla. You took initiation on the Dashami of Margshish Krishna Paksha and attained Kaivalya on the Dashami of Vaishakh Shukla. You spent 42 years as a seeker. You attained Nirvana in 72 years at Pawapuri on the new moon day of Krishna Paksha of Kartik month. According to the followers of the Jain religion, your symbol is Lion, Chaityavriksha is Shawl, Yaksha is Guhmak, and Yakshini is Padma Siddhayini.

24 Tirthankaras name list

S.No.	Tirthankara	Birthplace	Mother	Father	Symbol	Tree	Place of Nirvana
1	Rishabhanatha	Ayodhya	�Marudevi	Nabhiraja�	Bull	Vata	Kailash
2	Ajitanatha	Ayodhya	�Vijaya	Jitashatru�	Elephant	Shala	Sammed Shikharji
3	Sambhavanatha	Shravasti	�Sena	Jitari�	Horse	Prayala	Sammed Shikharji
4	Abhinandananatha	Ayodhya	�Siddharhta	Samvara�	Monkey	Priyangu	Sammed Shikharji
5	Sumatinatha	Ayodhya	�Mangala	Megharatha�	Goose	Shala	Sammed Shikharji
6	Padmaprabha	Kaushambi	�Susima	Shridhara�	Lotus	Chhatra	Sammed Shikharji
7	Suparshvanatha	Varanasi	�Prithvi	Supratishtha�	Swastika	Shirisha	Sammed Shikharji
8	Chandraprabha	Chandrapura	�Lakshmana	Mahasena�	Crescent Moon	Naga	Sammed Shikharji
9	Pushpadanta	Kakandi	�Rama	Sugriva�	Crocodile	Shala	Sammed Shikharji
10	Shitalanatha	Bhaddilapura	�Nanda	Dridharatha�	Kalpavriksha	Priyangu	Sammed Shikharji
11	Shreyansanatha	Simhapuri	�Vishnu	Vishnuraja�	Rhinoceros	Tanduka	Sammed Shikharji
12	Vasupujya	Champapuri	�Jaya	Vasupujya�	Buffalo	Patala	Champapuri
13	Vimalanatha	Kampilyapura	�Shyama	Kritavarma�	Boar	Jambu	Sammed Shikharji
14	Anantanatha	Ayodhya	�Suyasha	Simhasena�	Porcupine	Ashoka	Sammed Shikharji
15	Dharmanatha	Ratnapuri	�Suvrata	Bhanu�	Vajra	Dadhiparna	Sammed Shikharji
16	Shantinatha	Gajapura or�Hastinapuri	�Achira	Vishvasena�	Deer	Nandi	Sammed Shikharji
17	Kunthunatha	Gajapura or�Hastinapuri	�Shridevi	Suraraja�	Goat	Vata	Sammed Shikharji
18	Aranatha	Gajapura or�Hastinapuri	�Devi	Sudarshana�	Fish	Amba	Sammed Shikharji
19	Mallinatha	Mithila	�Prabhavati	Kumbharaja�	Kalasha	Ashoka	Sammed Shikharji
20	Munisuvrata	Rajagriha	�Padmavati	Sumitraraja�	Tortoise	Champaka	Sammed Shikharji
21	Naminatha	Mithila	�Vapra	Vijayaraja�	Blue Water Lily	Bakula	Sammed Shikharji
22	Neminatha	Sauripura	�Shivadevi	Samudravijaya�	Shankha	Vetasa	Girnar
23	Parshvanatha	Varanasi	�Vamadevi	Ashvasena�	Snake	Dhataki	Sammed Shikharji
24	Mahavira	Kundalapura	�Trishala	Siddhartharaja�	Lion	Teka	Pavapuri

FAQs on 24 Thirthankara

Qes. Who was the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism?

Qes. Who was the first Tirthankara of Jainism?